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Guanahatabey


The Guanahatabey (also spelled Guanajatabey) were an indigenous people of western Cuba at the time of European contact. Archaeological and historical studies suggest the Guanahatabey were archaic hunter-gatherers with a distinct language and culture from their neighbors, the Taíno. They may have been a relict of an earlier culture that spread widely through the Caribbean before the ascendance of the agriculturalist Taíno.

Contemporary historical references, largely corroborated by archaeological findings, placed the Guanahatabey on the western end of Cuba, adjacent to the Taíno living in the rest of Cuba and the rest of the Greater Antilles. They lived in what is now Pinar del Río Province and parts of Habana and Matanzas Provinces. Archaeological surveys of the area reveal an archaic population of hunter-gatherers. They lived outdoors and in caves; they made no houses. Unlike the neighboring Taíno they practiced no agriculture and subsisted mostly on shellfish and foraging, and supplemented their diet with fish and game. They were aceramic (lacking ceramic pottery), and made stone, shell, and bone tools using grinding and lithic reduction techniques.

The language of the Guanahatabey is lost except for a handful of placenames. However, it appears to have been distinct from the Taíno language, as the Taíno interpreter for Christopher Columbus could not communicate with them.


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