Group by
| Paradigm | Multi-paradigm: declarative |
|---|---|
| Family | Programming language |
| Designed by |
Donald D. Chamberlin Raymond F. Boyce |
| Developer | ISO/IEC |
| First appeared | 1974 |
| Typing discipline | Static, strong |
| OS | Cross-platform |
| File formats | File format details |
| Filename extension | .sql |
| Internet media type | application/sql |
| Developed by | ISO/IEC |
| Initial release | 1986 |
| Latest release | |
| Type of format | Database |
| Standard | ISO/IEC 9075 |
| Open format? | Yes |
| Major implementations | |
| Many | |
| Dialects | |
| Influenced by | |
| Datalog | |
| Influenced | |
| CQL, LINQ, SOQL, PowerShell,JPQL, jOOQ, N1QL | |
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SQL (/ˌɛs.kjuːˈɛl/ ESS-kew-EL or /ˈsiːkwəl/ SEE-kwəl,Structured Query Language) is a domain-specific language used in programming and designed for managing data held in a relational database management system (RDBMS), or for stream processing in a relational data stream management system (RDSMS). In comparison to older read/write APIs like ISAM or VSAM, SQL offers two main advantages: First, it introduced the concept of accessing many records with one single command, and second, it eliminates the need to specify how to reach a record, e.g.: with or without an index.
Originally based upon relational algebra and tuple relational calculus, SQL consists of a data definition language, data manipulation language, and data control language. The scope of SQL includes data insert, query, update and delete, schema creation and modification, and data access control. Although SQL is often described as, and to a great extent is, a declarative language (4GL), it also includes procedural elements.
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Wikipedia