Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine | |||||
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Grand Duchess Elizabeth Feodorovna of Russia | |||||
Born |
Bessungen, Grand Duchy of Hesse, German Confederation |
1 November 1864||||
Died | 18 July 1918 Alapaevsk, Russian SFSR |
(aged 53)||||
Burial | Church of Mary Magdalene, Gethsemane, Jerusalem, Israel | ||||
Spouse | Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia | ||||
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House | Hesse-Darmstadt | ||||
Father | Louis IV, Grand Duke of Hesse | ||||
Mother | Princess Alice of the United Kingdom |
Full name | |
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Elisabeth Alexandra Louise Alice Elizabeth Feodorovna Romanova (1884–1918) |
Saint and New Martyr, Elisabeth Romanov | |
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Saint, Princess and New Martyr | |
Born | 1 November 1864 |
Died | 18 July 1918 |
Venerated in | Eastern Orthodox Church |
Canonized | 1981 (ROCOR) 1992 (Moscow) by Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia and Moscow Patriarchate respectively |
Grand Duchess Elisabeth of Russia (Russian: Елизавета Фëдоровна Романова, Yelizaveta Fyodorovna Romanova; canonized as Holy Martyr Yelizaveta Fyodorovna; 1 November 1864 – 18 July 1918) was a German princess of the House of Hesse-Darmstadt, and the wife of Grand Duke Sergei Alexandrovich of Russia, fifth son of Emperor Alexander II of Russia and Princess Marie of Hesse and the Rhine. She was also a maternal great-aunt of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, the consort of Elizabeth II.
Granddaughter of Queen Victoria and an older sister of Alexandra, the last Russian Empress, Elisabeth became famous in Russian society for her beauty and charitable works among the poor. After the Socialist Revolutionary Party's Combat Organization murdered her husband with a dynamite bomb in 1905, Elisabeth publicly forgave Sergei's murderer, Ivan Kalyayev, and campaigned without success for him to be pardoned. She then departed the Imperial Court and became a nun, founding the Marfo-Mariinsky Convent dedicated to helping the downtrodden of Moscow. In 1918 she was arrested and ultimately executed by the Bolsheviks.
In 1981 Elisabeth was canonized by the Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia, and in 1992 by the Moscow Patriarchate.