Grama panchayat

A gram panchayat is the cornerstone of a local self-government organisation in India of the panchayati raj system at the village or small-town level and has a sarpanch as its elected head.

The failed attempts to deal with local matters at the national level caused, in 1992, the reintroduction of panchayats for their previously used purpose as an organisation for local self-governance. There are about 250,000 gram panchayats in India.

Gram panchayats are panchayats at base level in panchayat raj institutions (or PRIs), governed by the 73rd Amendment, which is concerned with Rural Local Governments.

The gram panchayat is divided into wards and each ward is represented by a Ward Member, also referred to as a Panch, who is directly elected by the villagers. The panchayat is chaired by the president of the village, known as a Sarpanch. The term of the elected representatives is five years. The Secretary of the panchayat is a non-elected representative, appointed by the state government, to oversee panchayat activities.

According to Sec. 6 (3) of the Andhra Pradesh Panchayat Raj Act of 1994, that state's gram sabha has to conduct a meeting at least twice a year.

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