Government Canyon State Natural Area
| Government Canyon State Natural Area | |
| Natural Area | |
 |
|
| Country | United States |
|---|---|
| State | Texas |
| County | Bexar County |
| Location | Park Office |
| - coordinates | 29°32′53″N 98°45′54″W / 29.548°N 98.765°WCoordinates: 29°32′53″N 98°45′54″W / 29.548°N 98.765°W |
| Area | 12,085 acres (4,891 ha) |
| Founded | 1993 |
| Management | Texas Parks and Wildlife Department |
| Website: Government State Natural Area | |
First opened to the public in October, 2005, Government Canyon State Natural Area (GCSNA) preserves 12,085 acres (48.9 km2; 18.9 sq mi) of rugged hills and canyons typical of the Texas Hill Country. It is designated a Natural Area, rather than a State Park, and therefore the primary focus is maintenance and protection of the property's natural state. Accordingly, access and recreational activities may be restricted if the Texas Parks & Wildlife Department (TPWD) deems such action necessary to protect the environment.
The reserve is located in northwestern San Antonio, and protects a large, relatively pristine tract of Hill Country terrain, numerous and diverse species of plants & wildlife, the upper Culebra Creek/Leon Creek watershed, and a critical aquifer recharge zone for the San Antonio Water System.
Fauna: Among the many bird species present, GCSNA includes nesting habitats of the golden-cheeked warbler and the black-capped vireo, both of which are classified as endangered. As in much of the Hill Country, white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are by far the most common large mammal on the property. Additionally, wild turkeys, armadillos, skunks, raccoons, opossums, cottontail rabbits, jack rabbits, and fox squirrels are present. Feral pigs, exotic axis deer, porcupines, rock squirrels, and ringtailed cats may occasionally be encountered. Bobcats, coyotes, both red and grey foxes, and rarely, mountain lions, also inhabit the area, but are seldom seen by visitors.
Flora: Primary vegetation includes the Ashe juniper, commonly known as "mountain cedar", several different species of oak, also sycamore, mesquite, persimmon, mountain laurel, Texas madrone, redbud, maple, hackberry, cedar elm, mulberry, wild grape, several different types of brush, prickly pear, yucca, sotol, and various grasses. A more extensive list of the fauna and flora present in the park can be found at the GCSNA Ranger Station.
In September, 2009, the City of San Antonio transferred 3,000 acres (12 km2) of land to the TPWD for inclusion in the Natural Area, specifically to support long-term protection of the Edwards Aquifer, and thereby increasing the total acreage within the reserve from 8,624 acres (34.90 km2) to 11,624 acres (47.04 km2). Most recently, in April, 2013, an additional 461 acres (1.87 km2) were added to GCSNA through a combination of funding from the City of San Antonio, Texas Parks & Wildlife, and a US Fish & Wildlife Service endangered species grant, which brought the reserve's total area to 12,085 acres (48.91 km2).
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