Gluconate

D-Gluconic acid

Names
IUPAC name D-Gluconic acid
Other names Dextronic acid
Identifiers
CAS Number	526-95-4 Y 133-42-6 (racemate) N
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:33198 Y
ChEMBL	ChEMBL464345 Y
ChemSpider	10240 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.007.639
EC Number	208-401-4
E number	E574 (acidity regulators, ...)
PubChem	10690
InChI InChI=1S/C6H12O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13)/t2-,3-,4+,5-/m1/s1 Y Key: RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N Y InChI=1/C6H12O7/c7-1-2(8)3(9)4(10)5(11)6(12)13/h2-5,7-11H,1H2,(H,12,13)/t2-,3-,4+,5-/m1/s1 Key: RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYBY
SMILES O=C(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO
Properties
Chemical formula	C6H12O7
Molar mass	196.16 g/mol
Appearance	Colorless crystals
Melting point	131 °C (268 °F; 404 K)
Solubility in water	Good
Acidity (pKa)	3.86
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Gluconic acid is an organic compound with molecular formula C₆H₁₂O₇ and condensed structural formula HOCH₂(CHOH)₄COOH. It is one of the 16 stereoisomers of 2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanoic acid.

In aqueous solution at neutral pH, gluconic acid forms the gluconate ion. The salts of gluconic acid are known as "gluconates". Gluconic acid, gluconate salts, and gluconate esters occur widely in nature because such species arise from the oxidation of glucose. Some drugs are injected in the form of gluconates.

The chemical structure of gluconic acid consists of a six-carbon chain with five hydroxyl groups terminating in a carboxylic acid group. In aqueous solution, gluconic acid exists in equilibrium with the cyclic ester glucono delta-lactone.

Gluconic acid occurs naturally in fruit, honey, and wine. As a food additive (E574), it is an acidity regulator. It is also used in cleaning products where it dissolves mineral deposits especially in alkaline solution. The gluconate anion chelates Ca²⁺, Fe²⁺, Al³⁺, and other metals. In 1929 Horace Terhune Herrick developed a process for producing the salt by fermentation.