Glucagon

GCG
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1BH0, 1D0R, 1NAU, 2G49, 2L63, 2L64, 2M5P, 2M5Q, 3IOL, 4APD, 4ZGM
Identifiers
Aliases	GCG, GLP1, GLP2, GRPP, glucagon, Glucagon
External IDs	OMIM: 138030 HomoloGene: 136497 GeneCards: GCG
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • identical protein binding • receptor binding • hormone activity Cellular component • cytoplasm • endoplasmic reticulum lumen • plasma membrane • extracellular region • secretory granule lumen • extracellular space Biological process • negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis • positive regulation of cAMP biosynthetic process • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • regulation of insulin secretion • cellular response to glucagon stimulus • positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation • positive regulation of calcium ion import • positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation • positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation • feeding behavior • positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade • positive regulation of protein binding • cell proliferation • positive regulation of gluconeogenesis by positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • signal transduction • positive regulation of protein kinase activity • protein kinase A signaling • positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus • negative regulation of apoptotic process Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2641	n/a
Ensembl	ENSG00000115263	n/a
UniProt	P01275	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_002054	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	NP_002045	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 2: 162.14 – 162.15 Mb	n/a
PubMed search		n/a

1BH0, 1D0R, 1NAU, 2G49, 2L63, 2L64, 2M5P, 2M5Q, 3IOL, 4APD, 4ZGM

2641

n/a

ENSG00000115263

n/a

P01275

n/a

NM_002054

n/a

NP_002045

n/a

Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas. It works to raise the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream. It is also used as a medication to treat a number of health conditions. Its effect is opposite to that of insulin, which lowers the glucose.

The pancreas releases glucagon when the concentration of glucose in the bloodstream falls too low. Glucagon causes the liver to convert stored glycogen into glucose, which is released into the bloodstream. High blood-glucose levels, on the other hand, stimulate the release of insulin. Insulin allows glucose to be taken up and used by insulin-dependent tissues. Thus, glucagon and insulin are part of a feedback system that keeps blood glucose levels stable. Glucagon increases energy expenditure and is elevated under conditions of stress. Glucagon belongs to the Secritin family of hormones.

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Wikipedia