Gleb Lozino-Lozinskiy

Gleb Evgeniyevich Lozino-Lozinskiy (Russian: Глеб Евгеньевич Лозино-Лозинский), (Kiev, Russian Empire (now Ukraine since 1991), December 25, 1909 – Moscow, November 28, 2001) was a Russian and Ukrainian engineer, General Director and General Designer of the JSC NPO Molniya, lead developer of the Russian Spiral and Shuttle Buran programme, Doctor of Science, Hero of Socialist Labour, laureate of Lenin Prize (1962) and State Prizes (1950, 1952).

Born in Kiev, the family moved to Kremenchuk where Gleb received his early education in and graduated from Kremenchuk technical highschool as a plumber. He later enrolled in 1926 and graduated from the Kharkov Mechanical and Machine-building Institute in 1930 as an engineer specializing in steam turbines. Initially he worked at a power station but in 1932 transferred to work in the aviation industry where he was involved in the development of jet turbines.

In 1939 he moved to Leningrad and in 1941 return to Ukraine to work in Kiev. During the war he was evacuated to Kuybishev and in 1942 settled in Moscow where he joined a design bureau led by Artem Mikoyan, the developer of the Soviet fighter jets known around the world as MIGs. Lozino-Lozinskiy led the work on the first Soviet jet engine with an adjustable nozzle and was responsible for the production of several generations of MIG fighter jets.

In 1965, Lozino-Lozinskiy led a top-secret project named Spiral which was an early Soviet attempt to develop a small manned space plane similar to the American X-15 project. It was planned to be launched on the back of a hypersonic aircraft, itself capable of reaching Mach 6. After separation from the carrier aircraft, the Spiral would have been boosted into orbit by a detachable rocket stage.

...
Wikipedia