Giulio Cesare Polerio

Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1550,Lanciano – c. 1610, Rome; reconstruction of places and dates by Adriano Chicco) was an Italian chess theoretician and player.

Name affixes used for him are l'Apruzzese, Giu[o]lio Cesare da Lanciano (Salvio/Walker), and Lancianese, because he was born in Lanciano, a town in the Chieti province of the Abruzzo region of Italy.

The first printed matter in which the name Giulio Cesare da Lanciano occurs is the so-called "Il Puttino" of Alessandro Salvio first published in 1634. The story recounted in Il Puttino must have occurred around 1575, thus, published by Salvio some 60 years later. "Il Puttino, altramente detto il Cavaliere errante" is a nickname used by Alessandro Salvio for Giovanni Leonardo. According to Alessandro Salvio, Giulio Cesare da Lanciano accompanied Giovanni Leonardo on his way to Madrid until Genoa.

After returning to Rome around 1584, Polerio became a chess player and writer in ordinary of Giacomo Boncompagni,Duke of Sora and son of Pope Gregory XIII (born Ugo Boncompagni).

Polerio wrote a number of codexes in which a lively international chess is described (exchanges of ideas among Italy, Portugal, and Spain). In these codexes, besides of own and new ideas in chess openings, some matches played by himself are noted by the hand of Polerio.

In the Puttino, Salvio mentions that, starting in 1606 from "Città di Piazza", after a long travel on his way to Rome (p. 43) ... (p. 44: "il detto Signor Cascio poi andando a Roma, vinse Giulio Cesare compagno del Puttino il primo a Roma, in casa dell'Eccelenza del Sig. Giacobo Buoncompagno Duca di Sora") this Mr. Geronimo Cascio, on his way to Rome, beat Giulio Cesare (Polerio), companion of Il Puttino, the best in Rome, in the house/court of his Excellence Giacomo Boncompagni, Duke of Sora.

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