Giovanni Melchior Bosco
| Saint John Bosco | |
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| Priest, Confessor, Founder, "Father and Teacher of Youth" |
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| Born |
16 August 1815 Castelnuovo d'Asti, Piedmont, Kingdom of Sardinia |
| Died | 31 January 1888 (aged 72) Turin, Kingdom of Italy |
| Venerated in | Roman Catholic Church |
| Beatified | 2 June 1929, Rome by Pius XI |
| Canonized | 1 April 1934, Rome by Pius XI |
| Major shrine | Basilica of Our Lady Help of Christians, Turin, Italy |
| Feast | 31 January |
| Patronage |
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John Bosco (Italian: Giovanni Melchiorre Bosco; 16 August 1815 – 31 January 1888), popularly known as Don Bosco [ˈdɔn ˈbɔsko], was an Italian Roman Catholic priest, educator and writer of the 19th century. While working in Turin, where the population suffered many of the effects of industrialization and urbanization, he dedicated his life to the betterment and education of street children, juvenile delinquents, and other disadvantaged youth. He developed teaching methods based on love rather than punishment, a method that became known as the Salesian Preventive System.
A follower of the spirituality and philosophy of Francis de Sales, Bosco was an ardent devotee of Mary, mother of Jesus, under the title Mary Help of Christians. He later dedicated his works to De Sales when he founded the Salesians of Don Bosco, based in Turin. Together with Maria Domenica Mazzarello, he founded the Institute of the Daughters of Mary Help of Christians, a religious congregation of nuns dedicated to the care and education of poor girls. He taught Dominic Savio, of whom he wrote a biography that helped the young boy be canonized.
On 18 April 1869, one year after the construction of the Basilica of Mary Help of Christians in Turin, Don Bosco established the Association of Mary Help of Christians (ADMA) connecting it with commitments easily fulfilled by most common people, to the spirituality and the mission of the Salesian Congregation (CG 24 SDB, 1996, NR. 80). The ADMA was founded to promote the veneration of the Most Holy Sacrament and Mary Help of Christians (Don Bosco, Association of the Devotees of Mary Help of Christians, San Benigno can. 1890, page 33).
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