Garfield Thomas Haywood
| Garfield Thomas Haywood | |
|---|---|
| Born |
July 15, 1880 Greencastle, Indiana, USA |
| Died | April 12, 1931 |
| Church | Christ Temple |
|
Offices held
|
1917 Field Superintendent, PAW 1925 Presiding Bishop of the PAW |
| Title | Bishop |
1917 Field Superintendent, PAW
Garfield Thomas Haywood (July 15, 1880 – April 12, 1931) was an African-American pastor and song writer who served as Presiding Bishop of the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World from 1925 to 1931.
Haywood was born to Bennett and Pennyann Haywood in Greencastle, Indiana, in 1880 and moved to Haughville, a neighborhood in Indianapolis, at the age of three. As a child, he attended School 52 and then Shortridge High School. Haywood was employed by the Indianapolis Freeman and Indianapolis Recorder news papers as a cartoonist.
In 1909, Haywood founded Christ Temple church. Haywood's influence crossed ethnic boundaries; by 1913, Christ Temple had a bi-racial membership of 400 to 500 and later grew to 1500. Around 1915, Haywood received a copy of Frank Ewart's paper Meat in Due Season which argued for Jesus' Name doctrine. In response, Haywood invited the evangelist Glenn A. Cook to preach at Christ Temple, resulting in Haywood and his congregation converting to Oneness Pentecostalism and facilitating the spread of Oneness Pentecostalism throughout Indiana.
The third general council of the Assemblies of God convened in October 1915 on the agenda was a debate on the merits of the new Jesus'-name doctrine vs the traditional trinitarian doctrine. Haywood and E. N. Bell spoke on behalf of the Jesus' Name doctrine and Collins and Jacob Miller spoke against. The result was a draw and it was agreed to readdress the topic at the fourth general council in October 1916. At the fourth general council a statement of faith was enacted which soundly rejected Jesus'-name doctrine causing just over one fourth of the ministers including Haywood to leave the Assembles of God. In 1911 Haywood had become affiliated with the Pentecostal Assemblies of the World (PAW) and after his conversion helped convert the origination to Oneness Pentecostalism. Many of the former Assemblies of God ministers that left in 1916 formed the General Assembly of the Apostolic Assemblies which at the start of World War I merged with the PAW in order for its ministers to obtain noncombatant statues. The new and interracial organization appointed Haywood as its general chairman. By 1924 the PAW split on racial lines due to logistical and social problems created by Jim Crow laws and Haywood was appointed Bishop of the newly reorganized PAW.
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