Galanin receptor 2

GALR2
Identifiers
Aliases	GALR2, GAL2-R, GALNR2, GALR-2, Galanin receptor 2
External IDs	MGI: 1337018 HomoloGene: 2863 GeneCards: GALR2
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 17 (human) Band 17q25.1 Start 76,074,794 bp End 76,077,541 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 11 (mouse) Band 11 E2|11 81.1 cM Start 116,280,939 bp End 116,283,938 bp
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • G-protein coupled receptor activity • neuropeptide binding • signal transducer activity • peptide hormone binding • galanin receptor activity • protein binding Cellular component • integral component of membrane • membrane • plasma membrane • integral component of plasma membrane • intracellular Biological process • negative regulation of adenylate cyclase activity • muscle contraction • adenylate cyclase-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • phosphatidylinositol metabolic process • positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity • adenylate cyclase-modulating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration • digestion • inositol phosphate metabolic process • multicellular organism development • phospholipase C-activating G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway • cell surface receptor signaling pathway • feeding behavior • learning or memory • neuropeptide signaling pathway • neuron projection development • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • signal transduction • chemical synaptic transmission • G-protein coupled receptor signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	8811	14428
Ensembl	ENSG00000182687	ENSMUSG00000020793
UniProt	O43603	O88854
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_003857	NM_010254
RefSeq (protein)	NP_003848	NP_034384
Location (UCSC)	Chr 17: 76.07 – 76.08 Mb	Chr 17: 116.28 – 116.28 Mb
PubMed search

8811

14428

ENSG00000182687

ENSMUSG00000020793

O43603

O88854

NM_003857

NM_010254

NP_003848

NP_034384

Galanin receptor 2, (GAL₂) is a G-protein coupled receptor encoded by the GALR2 gene.

Galanin is an important neuromodulator present in the brain, gastrointestinal system, and hypothalamopituitary axis. It is a 30-amino acid non-C-terminally amidated peptide that potently stimulates growth hormone secretion, inhibits cardiac vagal slowing of heart rate, abolishes sinus arrhythmia, and inhibits postprandial gastrointestinal motility. The actions of galanin are mediated through interaction with specific membrane receptors that are members of the 7-transmembrane family of G protein-coupled receptors. GALR2 interacts with the N-terminal residues of the galanin peptide. The primary signaling mechanism for GALR2 is through the phospholipase C/protein kinase C pathway (via Gq), in contrast to GALR1, which communicates its intracellular signal by inhibition of adenylyl cyclase through Gi. However, it has been demonstrated that GALR2 couples efficiently to both the Gq and Gi proteins to simultaneously activate 2 independent signal transduction pathways.

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

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