Galanin

GAL
Identifiers
Aliases	GAL, GAL-GMAP, GALN, GLNN, GMAP, ETL8, galanin and GMAP prepropeptide
External IDs	OMIM: 137035 MGI: 95637 HomoloGene: 7724 GeneCards: GAL
Gene ontology Molecular function • hormone activity • galanin receptor activity • type 1 galanin receptor binding • type 2 galanin receptor binding • type 3 galanin receptor binding • neuropeptide hormone activity • protein binding Cellular component • extracellular region • cytoplasm • Golgi apparatus • neuronal cell body • secretory granule • extracellular space Biological process • negative regulation of cell proliferation • positive regulation of catagen • feeding behavior • positive regulation of cortisol secretion • positive regulation of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel activity • regulation of glucocorticoid metabolic process • response to immobilization stress • insulin secretion • protein kinase A signaling • cAMP-mediated signaling • positive regulation of apoptotic process • nervous system development • negative regulation of root hair elongation • response to estrogen • response to insulin • positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter • response to drug • inflammatory response • negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation • neuropeptide signaling pathway Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	51083	14419
Ensembl	ENSG00000069482	ENSMUSG00000024907
UniProt	P22466	P47212
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_015973	NM_010253 NM_001329667
RefSeq (protein)	NP_057057	NP_034383.1
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 68.68 – 68.69 Mb	Chr 19: 3.41 – 3.41 Mb
PubMed search

Galanin

Identifiers
CAS Number	88813-36-9 N
ChemSpider	none
ChEMBL	CHEMBL501079 Y
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C146H213N43O40
Molar mass	3210.56 g/mol
NY (what is this?)

Galanin
Identifiers
Symbol	Galanin
Pfam	PF01296
InterPro	IPR008174
PROSITE	PDOC00673
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

Galanin message associated peptide (GMAP)
Identifiers
Symbol	GMAP
Pfam	PF06540
InterPro	IPR013068
Available protein structures: Pfam structures PDB RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj PDBsum structure summary

Available protein structures:
Pfam	structures
PDB	RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum	structure summary

51083

14419

ENSG00000069482

ENSMUSG00000024907

P22466

P47212

NM_015973

NM_010253
NM_001329667

NP_057057

NP_034383.1

Galanin is a neuropeptide encoded by the GAL gene, that is widely expressed in the brain, spinal cord, and gut of humans as well as other mammals. Galanin signaling occurs through three G protein-coupled receptors.

The functional role of galanin remains largely unknown; however, galanin is predominately involved in the modulation and inhibition of action potentials in neurons. Galanin has been implicated in many biologically diverse functions, including: nociception, waking and sleep regulation, cognition, feeding, regulation of mood, regulation of blood pressure, it also has roles in development as well as acting as a trophic factor. Galanin neurons in the medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus may govern parental behaviour. Galanin is linked to a number of diseases including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy as well as depression, eating disorders and cancer. Galanin appears to have neuroprotective activity as its biosynthesis is increased 2-10 fold upon axotomy in the peripheral nervous system as well as when seizure activity occurs in the brain. It may also promote neurogenesis.

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Wikipedia