Gaius Nautius Rutilus was the senior consul of the Roman Republic in 475 BC, with Publius Valerius Poplicola. Nautius Rutilus held the consulship a second time in 458 BC with Lucius Minucius Esquilinus Augurinus. During his second consulship, he successfully carried on war against the Sabines. That same year, the Aequi attacked the allied city of Tusculum and defeated his colleague, Minucius. Nautius Rutilus returned to Rome to oversee that the Roman Senate elected a dictator, Cincinnatus, to deal with the invaders.
Nautius was probably the brother, or perhaps the son of Spurius Nautius Rutilus, consul in 488 BC.