G(s)alpha
| GNAS complex locus | |
|---|---|
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | GNAS |
| Alt. symbols | GNAS1 |
| Entrez | 2778 |
| HUGO | 4392 |
| OMIM | 139320 |
| RefSeq | NM_000516 |
| UniProt | Q5JWF2 |
| Other data | |
| Locus | Chr. 20 q13.2-13.3 |
The Gs alpha subunit (Gαs, Gsα, or Gs protein) is a heterotrimeric G protein subunit that activates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylyl cyclase. It is one of the three main families of G proteins: Gαi/Gαo, Gαq, and Gαs. A mnemonic for remembering this subunit is to look at first letter (Gαs = Adenylate Cyclase stimulator).
The G protein-coupled receptors that couple to this kind of G-protein include:
The general function of Gs is to activate adenylyl cyclase, which, in turn, produces cAMP, which, in turn activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Further effects of Gs are thus found in function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase.
It provides a step in signal transduction. Amplification of the signal occurs for instance because the receptor activates several Gs. However, each Gs activates only one adenylate cyclase.
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