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Gi alpha subunit

guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 1
Identifiers
Symbol GNAI1
Entrez 2770
HUGO 4384
OMIM 139310
RefSeq NM_002069
UniProt P63096
Other data
Locus Chr. 7 q21-q22
guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 2
Identifiers
Symbol GNAI2
Alt. symbols GNAI2B
Entrez 2771
HUGO 4385
OMIM 139360
RefSeq NM_002070
UniProt P04899
Other data
Locus Chr. 3 p21
guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein), alpha inhibiting activity polypeptide 3
Identifiers
Symbol GNAI3
Entrez 2773
HUGO 4387
OMIM 139370
RefSeq NM_006496
UniProt P08754
Other data
Locus Chr. 1 p13

Gi alpha subunit (Gαi, or Gi/G0 or Gi protein) is a heterotrimeric G protein subunit that inhibits the production of cAMP from ATP. A mnemonic for remembering this subunit is to look at first letter (Gαi = Adenylyl Cyclase inhibitor).

The following G protein-coupled receptors couple to the Gi subunit:

Gi mainly inhibits the cAMP dependent pathway by inhibiting adenylate cyclase activity, decreasing the production of cAMP from ATP, which, in turn, results in decreased activity of cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Therefore, the ultimate effect of Gi is the opposite of cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

It is also attributed a minor role in activation of the phospholipase C pathway. Growth hormone is required for normal postnatal growth, bone growth, regulatory effects on protein, carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism. although this is mainly a function of the Gq alpha subunit.

There are several types of Gi: Gia1, Gia2, Gia3 and Gia4

Gia1 or Gi1 is encoded by the gene GNAI1.

Gia2 or Gi2 is encoded by the gene GNAI2.

Gia3 or Gi3 is encoded by the gene GNAI3.


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