Fusidic acid

Fusidic acid

Clinical data
Trade names	Fucidin, Fucithalmic, Stafine
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
ATC code	D06AX01 (WHO) D09AA02 (WHO) (dressing) J01XC01 (WHO) S01AA13 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	91% oral bioavailability
Protein binding	97 to 99%
Biological half-life	Approximately 5 to 6 hours in adults
Identifiers
IUPAC name 2-[(1S,2S,5R,6S,7S,10S,11S,13S,14Z,15R,17R)-13-(acetyloxy)-5,17-dihydroxy-2,6,10,11-tetramethyltetracyclo[8.7.0.02,7.011,15]heptadecan-14-ylidene]-6-methylhept-5-enoic acid
Synonyms	Sodium fusidate
CAS Number	6990-06-3 Y
PubChem (CID)	3000226
DrugBank	DB02703 Y
ChemSpider	2271900 Y
UNII	59XE10C19C Y
KEGG	D04281 N
ChEBI	CHEBI:29013 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL374975 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.027.506
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C31H48O6
Molar mass	516.709
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(O)/C(=C3/[C@@H]2C[C@@H](O)[C@H]1[C@@]4(C)CC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](C)[C@@H]4CC[C@@]1([C@]2(C[C@@H]3OC(=O)C)C)C)CC\C=C(/C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C31H48O6/c1-17(2)9-8-10-20(28(35)36)26-22-15-24(34)27-29(5)13-12-23(33)18(3)21(29)11-14-30(27,6)31(22,7)16-25(26)37-19(4)32/h9,18,21-25,27,33-34H,8,10-16H2,1-7H3,(H,35,36)/b26-20-/t18-,21-,22-,23+,24+,25-,27-,29-,30-,31-/m0/s1 Y Key:IECPWNUMDGFDKC-MZJAQBGESA-N Y
NY (what is this?)

Fusidic acid is a bacteriostatic antibiotic that is often used topically in creams and eyedrops but may also be given systemically as tablets or injections. The global problem of advancing antimicrobial resistance has led to a renewed interest in its use recently.

Fusidic acid acts as a bacterial protein synthesis inhibitor by preventing the turnover of elongation factor G (EF-G) from the ribosome. Fusidic acid is effective primarily on gram-positive bacteria such as Staphylococcus species, species, and Corynebacterium species. Fusidic acid inhibits bacterial translation and does not kill the bacteria, and is therefore termed "bacteriostatic".

Fusidic acid is a true antibiotic, derived from the fungus Fusidium coccineum and was developed by Leo Pharma in Ballerup, Denmark and released for clinical use in the 1960s. It has also been isolated from Mucor ramannianus and Isaria kogana. The drug is licensed for use as its sodium salt sodium fusidate, and it is approved for use under prescription in South Korea, Japan, UK, Canada, Europe, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, India and Taiwan. A different oral dosing regimen, based on the compound's pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) profile is in clinical development in the U.S. as Taksta.

Fusidic acid is active in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, most coagulase-positive staphylococci, Beta-hemolytic streptococci, Corynebacterium species, and most clostridium species. Fusidic acid has no known useful activity against enterococci or most Gram-negative bacteria (except Neisseria, Moraxella, Legionella pneumophila, and Bacteroides fragilis). Fusidic acid is active in vitro and clinically against Mycobacterium leprae but has only marginal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis.