French ship Pélican (1693)

The Pélican sinks following the Battle of Hudson's Bay
History
Name:	Pélican
Builder:	Félix Arnaud, Bayonne
Laid down:	April 1692
Launched:	early 1693
Commissioned:	May 1693
Fate:	Sank after the Battle of Hudson's Bay 1697
General characteristics
Class and type:	Ship of the line (Vaisseau du troisième rang)
Tons burthen:	500 tons
Length:	118 feet (36 m)
Beam:	32.5-foot (9.9 m)
Depth of hold:	12.5-foot (3.8 m)
Sail plan:	Three masts
Armament:	50 cannons, comprising 22 x 12pdrs, 20 x 8pdrs and 8 x 4pdrs

Le Pélican after being struck in the Mississippi.
History
Name:	Pélican
Laid down:	1987
Launched:	1992
Out of service:	2004
Fate:	Sank 2004
Status:	Shipwreck
General characteristics
Sail plan:	Three masts

The Pélican was a French warship from the late 17th century. Built in Bayonne, France, the original Pélican was launched in 1693. A 500-ton ship fitted with 50 guns and commanded by Captain Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville, she ran aground on the shores of Hudson Bay a few days after a heroic battle in 1697, badly damaged by the encounter and by a fierce storm. In five short months the ship's place in history had been assured, as the victor in the greatest naval battle in the history of New France.

Upon learning that the English were planning to maintain control of Hudson Bay, French King Louis XIV assembled a fleet of warships, consisting of the Pélican, the Palmier, the Wesp, and the Profond. The goal was to recapture Fort Bourbon, as the French called York Factory, Manitoba, the heart of the fur trade.

Pélican set sail from France on 8 April 1697. On the morning of 5 September 1697 in present-day Canada, temporarily separated from her sister ships, she came face to face with three English ships – the Hampshire, the Dering, and the Hudson Bay – which were carrying supplies to the nearby fort. Although they were outnumbered, the crew of the Pélican engaged in battle and triumphed. The ship, however, was fatally damaged in the battle. With holes below the waterline, Pélican had to be abandoned; it was run aground on 8 September.

The Pélican's victory, later known as Battle of Hudson's Bay, was certainly due in large part to the leadership of Captain Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville. In addition to setting an example of courage and valour for his crew, he fought a remarkable strategic battle – with the result that the Hampshire sank, the Dering retreated, and the Hudson Bay was captured complete with its cargo.

Three centuries later, an authentic replica of the Pelican was built in La Malbaie, Quebec. Construction began in 1987, but the project encountered many problems. In 1991, the architect François Cordeau was removed from the project management. The concept was then changed quite a bit. The wooden hull gave way to steel, up to the waterline. AML Naval Shipyard remade the ship's bottom. All sorts of other important changes reinforced the vessel. The ship was completed in 1992.