François Auguste Victor Grignard
| François Auguste Victor Grignard | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
6 May 1871 Cherbourg, France |
| Died | 13 December 1935 (aged 64) Lyon, France |
| Resting place | Guillotière Cemetery, Lyon |
| Nationality | France |
| Fields | Organic chemistry |
| Institutions | University of Nancy |
| Alma mater | University of Lyon |
| Doctoral advisor | Philippe Barbier |
| Known for | Grignard reaction |
| Notable awards | Nobel Prize for Chemistry (1912) |
François Auguste Victor Grignard (6 May 1871 in Cherbourg – 13 December 1935 in Lyon) was a Nobel Prize-winning French chemist.
Grignard was the son of a sail maker. After studying mathematics at Lyon he transferred to chemistry and discovered the synthetic reaction bearing his name (the Grignard reaction) in 1900. He became a professor at the University of Nancy in 1910 and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912. During World War I he studied chemical warfare agents, particularly the manufacture of phosgene and the detection of mustard gas. His counterpart on the German side was another Nobel Prize–winning chemist, Fritz Haber.
Grignard is most noted for devising a new method for generating carbon-carbon bonds using magnesium to couple ketones and alkyl halides. This reaction is valuable in organic synthesis. It occurs in two steps:
The Grignard reaction is an important means of preparing organic compounds from smaller precursor molecules. For this work, Grignard was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1912 jointly with fellow Frenchman Paul Sabatier.
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