Fox script
| Fox | |
|---|---|
| Meskwaki-Sauk-Kickapoo | |
| Meshkwahkihaki | |
| Native to | United States, Mexico |
| Region | Central Oklahoma, Northeastern Kansas, Iowa, and Coahuila |
| Ethnicity | 760 Meskwaki and Sauk (2000 census), 840 Kickapoo in the US (2000 census) and 423 Mexican Kickapoo (2010 census) |
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Native speakers
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727 Sauk and Fox, and 1,141 Kickapoo in the US (6 monolinguals) (2009-2013) 420 in Mexico (2010) |
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Algic
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Latin, Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics |
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| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | Either: |
qes Mascouten |
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| Glottolog | foxx1245 |
Map showing the distribution of Oklahoma Indian Languages
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Fox (known by a variety of different names, including Mesquakie (Meskwaki), Mesquakie-Sauk, Mesquakie-Sauk-Kickapoo, Sauk-Fox, and Sac and Fox) is an Algonquian language, spoken by a thousand Meskwaki, Sauk, and Kickapoo in various locations in the Midwestern United States and in northern Mexico.
There are three distinct dialects: Fox (also called Mesquakie, Meskwaki), Sauk (also rendered Sac), and Kickapoo (also rendered Kikapú; considered by some to be a closely related but distinct language). If Kickapoo is counted as a separate language rather than a dialect of Fox, then there are only between 200 and 300 speakers of Fox. Extinct Mascouten was most likely another dialect, though it is scarcely attested.
Most speakers are elderly or middle-aged, making it highly endangered. The tribal school at the Meskwaki Settlement in Iowa incorporates bilingual education for children. In 2011, the Meskwaki Sewing Project was created, to bring mothers and girls together "with elder women in the Meskwaki Senior Center sewing traditional clothing and learning the Meskwaki language."
Prominent scholars doing research on the language include Ives Goddard and Lucy Thomason of the Smithsonian Institution and Amy Dahlstrom of the University of Chicago.
The consonant phonemes of Fox are given in the table below. There are eight vowel phonemes: short /a, e, i, o/ and long /aː, eː, iː, oː/.
Other than those involving a consonant plus /j/ or /w/, the only possible consonant cluster is /ʃk/.
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