Fourth and Gill
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Fourth and Gill Historic District
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| Location | Roughly bounded by I-40, Broadway, Central, and Hall of Fame Knoxville, Tennessee |
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| Coordinates | 35°58′48″N 83°55′14″W / 35.98000°N 83.92056°WCoordinates: 35°58′48″N 83°55′14″W / 35.98000°N 83.92056°W |
| Area | approximately 72 acres (29 ha) |
| Built | 1880–1930 |
| Architect | Baumann Brothers, George F. Barber; multiple |
| Architectural style | Queen Anne, Bungalow/Craftsman, Mediterranean Revival, Gothic Revival |
| NRHP Reference # | 85000948 |
| Added to NRHP | April 29, 1985 |
Fourth and Gill is a neighborhood in Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, located north of the city's downtown area. Initially developed in the late nineteenth century as a residential area for Knoxville's growing middle and professional classes, the neighborhood still contains most of its original Victorian-era houses, churches, and streetscapes. In 1985, 282 houses and other buildings in the neighborhood were added to the National Register of Historic Places as the Fourth and Gill Historic District.
Knoxville's rapid economic growth after the Civil War brought about a housing boom that lasted into the early twentieth century. The presence of the railroad drew heavy industry to the pasturelands north of the city, and residential areas such as Fourth and Gill were developed to provide housing for the managers and workers in the growing number of mills and factories. Much of Fourth and Gill was initially part of the separate city of North Knoxville, which was annexed by Knoxville in 1897. The neighborhood is named for a community center established at the corner of N. Fourth Avenue and Gill Avenue in 1960.
The Fourth and Gill neighborhood is roughly bounded by Hall of Fame Drive on the east, Broadway (part of U.S. Highway 441) on the west, Glenwood Avenue to the north, and East Fourth Avenue to the south. The Old North Knoxville community lies just to the north, Parkridge lies on the other side of Hall of Fame drive to the east, and the Emory Place Historic District (part of the city's Downtown-North Corridor) lies just to the south. The neighborhood's community center and oldest houses lie along North Fourth Avenue just east of I-40.
The Fourth and Gill neighborhood includes parts of Morgan Street, Gratz Street, Deery Street, Luttrell Street, and Eleanor Street, which run roughly north-to-south, as well as Wells Avenue, Caswell Avenue, Gill Avenue, Lovenia Avenue, and Third Avenue, which run east-to-west. North Fourth Avenue runs east-to-west across the area before veering north to join Gill Avenue as the latter passes under I-40, and then continuing north for several blocks on the east side of I-40.
What is now Fourth and Gill remained pastureland throughout most of the nineteenth century. The construction of the East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad just north of Knoxville in 1855 made development in the area more feasible, and by the outbreak of the Civil War, what is now Emory Place had already been annexed by the city. After the war, factories were built along the railroad, and a market developed at Emory Place. This industrial growth brought about a demand for labor and a need for new housing, and around 1880, the first houses were built in what is now Fourth and Gill.
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