Fort Siloso
Coordinates: 1°15′32″N 103°48′29″E / 1.25889°N 103.80806°E
Fort Siloso is the sole restored coastal gun battery from the 12 such batteries which made up "Fortress Singapore" at the start of World War II. The fort is situated on Pulau Blakang Mati (now Sentosa), an island south of mainland Singapore. The fort is now a military museum open to the public.
The word "Siloso" is derived from a Malayan word meaning "rock" (Sanskrit root word: Sila). There was a huge rock at the mouth of Singapore's harbour which was very dangerous to shipping. With trade flourishing in Singapore due to the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, it was necessary to protect Singapore's port. Based on the report by Major Edward Lake of the Madras Engineers, a fort was built on Pulau Blakang Mati (Sentosa) in 1874. As part of the fortification, Mount Siloso's top was blown off to flatten it for the installation of a gun platform. By the 1880s, gun batteries were located on Mount Siloso and Mount Serapong on Pulau Blakang Mati.
By the 1880s, Fort Siloso had 7-inch guns and two 64 pounder guns. In the 1890s, five 10-inch guns were installed. These guns were operated electrically from an underground power-house. In the 1930s, twin 6-pounders, quick-firing anti-torpedo boat guns; five searchlights; an Operational Tower; two machine guns and two twin Lewis anti-aircraft machine guns were added due to reports of impending war. The fort was manned by the British Royal Artillery and the Singapore Artillery Corps.
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