Fort Jefferson (Ohio)
|
Fort Jefferson Site
|
|
Southern side of the hill on which the fort sat
|
|
 
|
|
| Location | State Route 121 in Neave Township, Darke County, Ohio |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 40°1′32″N 84°39′24″W / 40.02556°N 84.65667°WCoordinates: 40°1′32″N 84°39′24″W / 40.02556°N 84.65667°W |
| Area | 6.5 acres (2.6 ha) |
| Built | 1791 |
| NRHP reference # | 70000488 |
| Added to NRHP | November 10, 1970 |
Fort Jefferson was a fortification erected by soldiers of the United States Army during the Northwest Indian War. Built to support a military campaign, it saw several years of active fighting. Today, the fort site is a historic site.
Located in present-day Darke County in far western Ohio, the fort was built under the direction of General Arthur St. Clair in October 1791 as an advance post for his campaign from Fort Washington against local Native Americans. A square of approximately 100 feet (30 m) on each side, the fort was built of wood and intended primarily as a supply depot; accordingly, it was originally named "Fort Deposit." Before St. Clair's army departed the fort, a court-martial was conducted for an unknown crime; the three soldiers who were convicted and hanged became the first whites to be executed in present-day Darke County.
One month later, after St. Clair's army was badly defeated in battle near modern-day Fort Recovery to the north, the scattered remnants of his force reconstituted at Fort Jefferson. Because it was not intended to house many soldiers, and because few supplies were actually stored at the fort, St. Clair found the fort insufficiently large for his men; consequently, he took most of his surviving soldiers and returned to Fort Washington, leaving only a small garrison to guard his many wounded. It is believed that the garrison was under the command of Captain Joseph Shaylor.
The defeat of the American army left Fort Jefferson deep in enemy territory. Determined to drive the American soldiers back to the Ohio River, a Native American force (possibly under the command of Simon Girty) raided the fort in the early summer of 1792. This raid began with an attack of one hundred warriors against a party gathering hay for the fort's supplies on June 25; sixteen soldiers were killed or left missing by the fight. It is possible that another raid was conducted a short while later with the intention of capturing or killing Captain Shaylor; if a story told by locals be accurate, Shaylor's love of hunting was exploited by some of the besiegers, who lured Shaylor and his son into the woods by imitating the call of the wild turkey. While Shaylor escaped the ensuing pursuit, his son was killed. The siege continued intermittently for three years, as continued Native American attacks were made to neutralize the fort.
...
Wikipedia