Fort Cummings
| Fort Cummings | |
|---|---|
 Location of Fort Cummings in New Mexico
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| Location | Luna County, New Mexico |
| Coordinates | 32°27′56″N 107°38′45″W / 32.46556°N 107.64583°WCoordinates: 32°27′56″N 107°38′45″W / 32.46556°N 107.64583°W |
| Designated | December 21, 1969 |
| Reference no. | 35 |
Fort Cummings is a former U. S. Army post located near Cooke's Springs, in Luna County, New Mexico. It is located 20 miles northeast of Deming, New Mexico.
Cooke's Spring 32°27′46″N 107°38′55″W / 32.46277°N 107.64863°W was named for Philip St. George Cooke 2nd U.S. Dragoons the former commander of the Mormon Battalion, that was exploring this area of New Mexico in 1853. It was the only large supply of fresh water between Mesilla and the Mimbres River for wagons heading to California on the Southern Emigrant Trail as well as the later Butterfield Overland Mail stagecoach route. The Cooke's Spring Station of the Butterfield Overland Mail was located near Cooke's Spring from 1858 to 1861.
Cookes Springs were located at the eastern mouth of the upper part of Cookes Canyon which led to Cooke's Pass a narrow gap in the Cookes Range32°47′32″N 107°43′17″W / 32.79218°N 107.72129°W. Between 1848 and 1861 the pass was a dangerous place for travelers who were often ambushed and killed by the Apache as they passed through it. Following the Bascom Affair things were even worse as the Apache, formerly friendly to the stage company destroyed most of the stations and destroyed many coaches and killed their passengers and for over a decade later hundreds of other travelers. Cooke's Pass was a favored location for ambushes and it acquired the name Massacre Canyon after incidents like the Battle of Cookes Canyon.
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