Fort Buchanan, Puerto Rico
| UNITED STATES ARMY GARRISON FORT BUCHANAN, PUERTO RICO | |
|---|---|
| Guaynabo, Puerto Rico | |
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| Type | U.S. Army Garrison |
| Site information | |
| Controlled by | United States Army |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1923 |
| In use | 1923–Present |
| Garrison information | |
| Current commander |
Colonel Michael T. Harvey |
| Garrison |
.svg){kind=small} 1st Mission Support Command |
United States Army Garrison Fort Buchanan, Puerto Rico, is a United States Army installation in Puerto Rico. It is located in the metropolitan area of the capital, San Juan.
Puerto Rico was part of the Spanish Empire from the time of Christopher Columbus until the Spanish–American War. United States forces landed in Guánica on July 25, 1898. The last Spanish unit left the island the following October, and the Department of Puerto Rico was established. Upon the signing of the Treaty of Paris on December 10, 1898, Spain ceded Puerto Rico to the United States, and the island became an unincorporated United States territory.
On July 1, 1899, “The Puerto Rico Regiment of Infantry, United States Army” was created. On July 1, 1901, Lieutenant Colonel James Anderson Buchanan took command of the regiment. He was later promoted to Colonel on July 21, 1902, and to Brigadier General in 1905. Buchanan served in Puerto Rico from 1898 to 1903 and Fort Buchanan was named for him.
The Puerto Rico Regiment was officially designated as the 65th Infantry Regiment in 1920, after defending the Canal Zone during World War I. A tract of 300 acres approximately six miles on the south shore of San Juan Bay was acquired to provide the regiment with a training area. The site was established in 1923 as Camp Buchanan. It served as a target range and maneuver area for the U.S. Army and National Guard troops from 1923 to 1939. The 1st Battalion 51st Coast Artillery Regiment was also assigned to Camp Buchanan in 1939.
In May 1940 the location was renamed Fort Buchanan. It was eventually expanded to 4,500 acres. During World War II, Fort Buchanan housed a depot supplying the Army Antilles Department. It also processed local troops through its replacement center. The industrial complex included pier facilities, ammunition storage areas and an extensive railroad network connecting the military installation to the Port of San Juan at San Juan Bay.
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