*** Welcome to piglix ***

Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde
Skeletal fomula of formaldehyde with explicit hydrogens added
Spacefill model of formaldehyde
Ball and stick model of formaldehyde
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Formaldehyde
Systematic IUPAC name
Methanal
Other names
Methyl aldehyde
Methylene glycol
Methylene oxide
Formalin (aqueous solution)
Formol
Identifiers
50-00-0 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
3DMet B00018
1209228
ChEBI CHEBI:16842 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL1255 YesY
ChemSpider 692 YesY
DrugBank DB03843 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.000.002
EC Number 200-001-8
E number E240 (preservatives)
445
4196
KEGG D00017 YesY
MeSH Formaldehyde
PubChem 712
RTECS number LP8925000
UNII 1HG84L3525 YesY
UN number 2209
Properties
CH2O
Molar mass 30.03 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Density 0.8153 g/cm3 (−20 °C)
Melting point −92 °C (−134 °F; 181 K)
Boiling point −19 °C (−2 °F; 254 K)
400 g dm−3
log P 0.350
Vapor pressure < 1 atm
Acidity (pKa) 13.27
-18.6·10−6 cm3/mol
2.33 D
Structure
C2v
Trigonal planar
Pharmacology
QP53AX19 (WHO)
Hazards
Safety data sheet MSDS
Toxic (T)
Corrosive (C)
Carc. Cat. 1
R-phrases R23/24/25 R34 R43 R45
S-phrases (S1/2) S26 S36/37/39 S45 S51 S53 S60
NFPA 704
Flammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g., propane Health code 3: Short exposure could cause serious temporary or residual injury. E.g., chlorine gas Reactivity code 0: Normally stable, even under fire exposure conditions, and is not reactive with water. E.g., liquid nitrogen Special hazard COR: Corrosive; strong acid or base. E.g., sulfuric acid, potassium hydroxideNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point 64 °C (147 °F; 337 K)
430 °C (806 °F; 703 K)
Explosive limits 7–73%
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC):
LD50 (median dose)
100 mg/kg (oral, rat)
333 ppm (mouse, 2 hr)
815 ppm (rat, 30 min)
333 ppm (cat, 2 hr)
US health exposure limits (NIOSH):
PEL (Permissible)
TWA 0.75 ppm ST 2 ppm (as formaldehyde and formalin)
REL (Recommended)
Ca TWA 0.016 ppm C 0.1 ppm [15-minute]
IDLH (Immediate danger)
Ca [20 ppm]
Related compounds
Related aldehydes
Acetaldehyde

Butyraldehyde
Decanal
Heptanal
Hexanal
Nonanal
Octadecanal
Octanal
Pentanal
Propionaldehyde

Related compounds
methanol
formic acid
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references
External media
Fema trailer 1 Mariel Carr Chemical Heritage Foundation Video.jpg
Audio
"Episode 202: Where Have All the FEMA Trailers Gone? Tracing Toxicity from Bust to Boom", Distillations, September 2, 2015, Chemical Heritage Foundation
Video
Where Have All the Trailers Gone?, Video by Mariel Carr (Videographer) & Nick Shapiro (Researcher), 2015, Chemical Heritage Foundation

Butyraldehyde
Decanal
Heptanal
Hexanal
Nonanal
Octadecanal
Octanal
Pentanal
Propionaldehyde

Formaldehyde is a naturally occurring organic compound with the formula CH2O (H-CHO). It is the simplest of the aldehydes (R-CHO) and is also known by its systematic name methanal. The common name of this substance comes from its similarity and relation to formic acid.

Formaldehyde is an important precursor to many other materials and chemical compounds. In 1996, the installed capacity for the production of formaldehyde was estimated to be 8.7 million tons per year. It is mainly used in the production of industrial resins, e.g., for particle board and coatings.

In view of its widespread use, toxicity, and volatility, formaldehyde poses a significant danger to human health. In 2011, the US National Toxicology Program described formaldehyde as "known to be a human carcinogen".

Formaldehyde is more complicated than many simple carbon compounds in that it adopts several different forms. As a gas, formaldehyde is colorless and has a characteristic pungent, irritating odor. Upon condensation, the gas converts to various other forms of formaldehyde (with different chemical formulas) that are of more practical value. One important derivative is the cyclic trimer metaformaldehyde or 1,3,5-trioxane with the formula (CH2O)3. There is also a linear polymer called paraformaldehyde. These compounds have similar chemical properties and are often used interchangeably.


...
Wikipedia

...