Flap structure-specific endonuclease 1

FEN1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 1U7B, 1UL1, 3Q8K, 3Q8L, 3Q8M, 3UVU, 5E0V
Identifiers
Aliases	FEN1, Flap endonuclease 1, flap structure-specific endonuclease 1, FEN-1, MF1, RAD2
External IDs	MGI: 102779 HomoloGene: 3034 GeneCards: FEN1
Gene ontology Molecular function • metal ion binding • RNA-DNA hybrid ribonuclease activity • hydrolase activity, acting on ester bonds • nuclease activity • hydrolase activity • double-stranded DNA binding • catalytic activity • damaged DNA binding • double-stranded DNA exodeoxyribonuclease activity • protein binding • DNA binding • endonuclease activity • exonuclease activity • 5'-3' exonuclease activity • 5'-flap endonuclease activity • flap endonuclease activity Cellular component • mitochondrion • nuclear chromosome, telomeric region • nucleus • membrane • protein complex • nucleoplasm • nucleolus Biological process • double-strand break repair via homologous recombination • double-strand break repair • memory • cellular response to DNA damage stimulus • UV protection • DNA replication • DNA repair • RNA phosphodiester bond hydrolysis, endonucleolytic • DNA replication, removal of RNA primer • positive regulation of sister chromatid cohesion • nucleic acid phosphodiester bond hydrolysis • telomere maintenance via semi-conservative replication Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2237	14156
Ensembl	ENSG00000168496	ENSMUSG00000024742
UniProt	P39748	P39749
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004111	NM_001271614 NM_001271615 NM_007999
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004102	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 11: 61.79 – 61.8 Mb	Chr 19: 10.2 – 10.2 Mb
PubMed search

1U7B, 1UL1, 3Q8K, 3Q8L, 3Q8M, 3UVU, 5E0V

2237

14156

ENSG00000168496

ENSMUSG00000024742

P39748

P39749

NM_004111

NM_001271614
NM_001271615
NM_007999

NP_004102

n/a

Flap endonuclease 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the FEN1 gene.

The protein encoded by this gene removes 5' overhanging "flaps" (or short sections of single stranded DNA that "hang off" because their nucleotide bases are prevented from binding to their complementary base pair—despite any base pairing downstream) in DNA repair and processes the 5' ends of Okazaki fragments in lagging strand DNA synthesis. Direct physical interaction between this protein and AP endonuclease 1 during long-patch base excision repair provides coordinated loading of the proteins onto the substrate, thus passing the substrate from one enzyme to another. The protein is a member of the XPG/RAD2 endonuclease family and is one of ten proteins essential for cell-free DNA replication. DNA secondary structure can inhibit flap processing at certain trinucleotide repeats in a length-dependent manner by concealing the 5' end of the flap that is necessary for both binding and cleavage by the protein encoded by this gene. Therefore, secondary structure can deter the protective function of this protein, leading to site-specific trinucleotide expansions.

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