Ferricyanide
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IUPAC name
iron(3+) hexacyanide
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Systematic IUPAC name
hexacyanidoferrate(III)
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| Other names
ferric hexacyanide; hexacyanidoferrate(3-); hexacyanoferrate(III)
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| Identifiers | |
| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image |
| PubChem | 439210 |
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| Properties | |
| [Fe(CN)6]3− | |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Ferricyanide is the anion [Fe(CN)6]3−. It is also called hexacyanoferrate(III) and in rare, but systematic nomenclature, hexacyanidoferrate(III). The most common salt of this anion is potassium ferricyanide, a red crystalline material that is used as an oxidant in organic chemistry.
[Fe(CN)6]3− consists of a Fe3+ center bound in octahedral geometry to six cyanide ligands. The complex has Ohsymmetry. The iron is low spin and easily reduced to the related ferrocyanide ion [Fe(CN)6]4−, which is a ferrous (Fe2+) derivative. This redox couple is reversible and entails no making or breaking of Fe-C bonds:
This redox couple is a standard in electrochemistry.
Compared to normal cyanides like potassium cyanide, ferricyanides are much less toxic because of the tight hold of the CN− to the Fe3+. They do react with mineral acids, however, to release highly toxic hydrogen cyanide gas.
Treatment of ferricyanide with ferrous salts affords the brilliant, long-lasting pigment Prussian blue, the traditional color of blueprints.
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