Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey
| Fairfield Township, New Jersey | |
|---|---|
| Township | |
| Township of Fairfield | |
 Map of Fairfield Township in Essex County. Inset: Location of Essex County highlighted in the State of New Jersey. |
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 Census Bureau map of Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey |
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| Coordinates: 40°52′57″N 74°18′17″W / 40.882508°N 74.304594°WCoordinates: 40°52′57″N 74°18′17″W / 40.882508°N 74.304594°W | |
| Country |  United States |
| State |
 New Jersey
|
| County | Essex |
| Incorporated | February 16, 1798 (as Caldwell Township) |
| Renamed | November 6, 1963 (as Fairfield Township) |
| Government | |
| • Type | Faulkner Act Small Municipality |
| • Body | Township Council |
| • Mayor | James Gasparini (R, term ends December 31, 2018) |
| • Administrator | Joseph Catenaro |
| • Clerk | Denise Cafone |
| Area | |
| • Total | 10.460 sq mi (27.093 km2) |
| • Land | 10.296 sq mi (26.667 km2) |
| • Water | 0.164 sq mi (0.426 km2) 1.57% |
| Area rank | 206th of 566 in state 4th of 22 in county |
| Elevation | 174 ft (53 m) |
| Population (2010 Census) | |
| • Total | 7,466 |
| • Estimate (2015) | 7,578 |
| • Rank | 307th of 566 in state 19th of 22 in county |
| • Density | 725.1/sq mi (280.0/km2) |
| • Density rank | 411th of 566 in state 22nd of 22 in county |
| Time zone | Eastern (EST) (UTC-5) |
| • Summer (DST) | Eastern (EDT) (UTC-4) |
| ZIP code | 07004 |
| Area code(s) | 973 |
| FIPS code | 3401322385 |
| GNIS feature ID | 1729722 |
| Website | www |
Fairfield is a township in far northwestern Essex County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township's population was 7,466, reflecting an increase of 403 (+5.7%) from the 7,063 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn declined by 552 (-7.2%) from the 7,615 counted in the 1990 Census. Fairfield is the least densely populated town in Essex County.
The first Europeans to settle in the area were Dutch and the place was called Gansegat. Later it was part of Horse Neck and officially part of Newark Township. What is now Fairfield was formed on February 16, 1798, as Caldwell Township from portions of Acquackanonk Township and Newark Township. The area was named for Rev. James Caldwell. It was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. Portions of the township were taken to create Livingston (February 8, 1813), Fairmount Township (March 11, 1862, now part of West Orange), Caldwell borough (February 10, 1892), Verona Township (February 17, 1892, now known and including what is now Cedar Grove), North Caldwell (March 31, 1898), Essex Fells (March 31, 1902) and West Caldwell (February 24, 1904). On November 6, 1963, Caldwell Township was renamed as Fairfield Township, based on the results of a referendum passed the previous day. Fairfield was reincorporated as borough on June 8, 1964. In 1978, the borough passed a referendum reincorporating itself as a township, becoming the second of more than a dozen Essex County municipalities to reclassify themselves as townships in order take advantage of federal revenue sharing policies that allocated townships a greater share of government aid to municipalities on a per capita basis.
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