Eurydice I of Macedon

Eurydice I
Queen of Macedon
Reign	393 BC - 369 BC
Born	407 BC
Burial	Vergina
Spouse	Amyntas III of Macedon
House	Argead
Father	Sirras

Eurydice (Greek: Εὐρυδίκη – from ευρύς eurys, "wide" and δίκη dike, "right, custom, usage, law; justice", literally "wide justice") was an ancient Greek queen from Macedon, wife of king Amyntas III of Macedon.

She was the daughter of Sirras of Lyncestis, Upper Macedonia. Eurydice had four children: Alexander II, Perdiccas III, Philip II, all of whom would be crowned kings, a daughter Eurynoe, and through her son Philip, she was the paternal grandmother of Alexander the Great. Literary, inscriptional and archaeological evidence indicates that she played an important public role in Macedonian life and acted aggressively in the political arena.

Eurydice’s political activities mark a turning point in Macedonian history. She is the first known royal woman who actively took political action and successfully exerted political influence.

Eurydice was born between 410-404 BC, most probably in 407 BC. She was the daughter of the Lyncestian noble Sirras, who is sometimes referred as of Lyncestian or Illyrian origin, and the Lyncestian Arrhabaeus was her maternal grandfather.

King Amyntas III of Macedon married the young princess Eurydice in about 390 BC, probably in an effort to secure peace allies against the Illyrians, after he was defeated by them in 393 BC. Ten years later king Amyntas III was forced to entrust a portion of his kingdom to the Greek Chalcidians, who refused to relinquish it, and by 382 BC had extended their control westward, including Macedon’s capital Pella. Sparta, the most powerful of the Greek states at that time, intervened and restored Amyntas to his capital in 379 BC, but Macedonia had to accept subservience to Sparta.

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