Ethylbenzene
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| Names | |||
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IUPAC name
Ethylbenzene
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| Other names
Ethylbenzol; Phenylethane: alpha-Methyltoluene; EB
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| Identifiers | |||
100-41-4 
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| 3D model (Jmol) | Interactive image | ||
| Abbreviations | EB | ||
| 1901871 | |||
| ChEBI |
CHEBI:16101
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| ChEMBL |
ChEMBL371561
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| ChemSpider |
7219
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| DrugBank |
DB01722
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| ECHA InfoCard | 100.002.591 | ||
| KEGG |
C07111
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| PubChem | 7500 | ||
| RTECS number | DA0700000 | ||
| UNII |
L5I45M5G0O
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| Properties | |||
| C8H10 | |||
| Molar mass | 106.17 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | colorless liquid | ||
| Odor | aromatic | ||
| Density | 0.8665 g/mL | ||
| Melting point | −95 °C (−139 °F; 178 K) | ||
| Boiling point | 136 °C (277 °F; 409 K) | ||
| 0.015 g/100 mL (20 °C) | |||
| log P | 3.27 | ||
| Vapor pressure | 9.998mmHg | ||
| -77.20·10−6 cm3/mol | |||
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Refractive index (nD)
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1.495 | ||
| Viscosity | 0.669 cP at 20 °C | ||
| 0.58 D | |||
| Thermochemistry | |||
| 1.726 J/(gK) | |||
| Hazards | |||
| Main hazards | Flammable | ||
| R-phrases | R11 R20 | ||
| S-phrases | (S2) S16 S24/25 S29 | ||
| NFPA 704 | |||
| Flash point | 22.22 °C (72.00 °F; 295.37 K) | ||
| 430 °C (806 °F; 703 K) | |||
| Explosive limits | 1%-7.8% | ||
| Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |||
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LD50 (median dose)
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5460 mg/kg | ||
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LCLo (lowest published)
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4000 ppm (rat, 4 hr) | ||
| US health exposure limits (NIOSH): | |||
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PEL (Permissible)
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TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) | ||
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REL (Recommended)
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TWA 100 ppm (435 mg/m3) ST 125 ppm (545 mg/m3) | ||
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IDLH (Immediate danger)
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800 ppm | ||
| Related compounds | |||
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Related aromatic
hydrocarbons |
styrene, toluene | ||
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Related compounds
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benzene polystyrene |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is  ?) |
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| Infobox references | |||
Ethylbenzene is an organic compound with the formula C6H5CH2CH3. It is a highly flammable, colorless liquid with an odor similar to that of gasoline. This monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon is important in the petrochemical industry as an intermediate in the production of styrene, the precursor to polystyrene, a common plastic material. In 2012, more than 99% of ethylbenzene produced was consumed in the production of styrene. Ethylbenzene is also used to make other chemicals, in fuel, and as a solvent in inks, rubber adhesives, varnishes, and paints. Ethylbenzene exposure can be determined by testing for the breakdown products in urine.
Ethylbenzene is a colorless liquid that smells similar to gasoline with a sweet aroma, evaporates quickly and is highly flammable. It has a characteristic odor with an odor threshold at 2.3 ppm and a melting point of −95 °C (−139 °F) and a boiling point of 136 °C (277 °F). It is classified as a monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbon since it is a compound that contains one aromatic ring.
Ethylbenzene occurs naturally in coal tar and petroleum, although this is not the main source of this compound.
The dominant application of ethylbenzene is role as an intermediate in the production of polystyrene. Catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene gives hydrogen and styrene:
As of May 2012, greater than 99% of all the ethylbenzene produced is used for this purpose.
Ethylbenzene is added to gasoline as an anti-knock agent, meaning it reduces engine knocking and increase the octane rating. Ethylbenzene is often found in other manufactured products, including pesticides, cellulose acetate, synthetic rubber, paints, and inks. Used in the recovery of natural gas, ethylbenzene may be injected into the ground.
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Wikipedia