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Erythronium

Erythronium
Dent-de-chien.JPG
Erythronium dens-canis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Subfamily: Lilioideae
Tribe: Lilieae
Genus: Erythronium
L.
Type species
Erythronium dens-canis
L.
Synonyms
  • Mithridatium Adans. 1763, illegitimate superfluous name
  • Dens-canis Tourn. ex Rupp. 1745, not validly published

Erythronium (fawn lily, trout lily, dog's-tooth violet, adder's tongue) is a genus of Eurasian and North American plants in the lily family. The name Erythronium derives from the word erythros, which means red in Greek and refers to the red flowers of E. dens-canis.

Erythronium includes about 20–30 species of hardy spring-flowering perennial plants with long, tooth-like bulbs. Slender stems carry pendent flowers with recurved tepals in shades of cream, yellow, pink and mauve. Species are native to forests and meadows in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

Erythronium albidum

Erythronium americanum

Erythronium californicum

Erythronium citrinum

Erythronium dens-canis

Erythronium grandiflorum

Erythronium helenae

Erythronium hendersonii

Erythronium japonicum

Erythronium montanum

Erythronium oregonum

Erythronium propullans

Erythronium purpurascens

Erythronium purpurascens, end of blooming

Erythronium revolutum

Erythronium sibiricum

Two species names were coined using the name Erythronium but have since been reclassified to other taxa.

The bulb is edible as a root vegetable, cooked or dried, and can be ground into flour. The leaves can also be cooked as a leaf vegetable. In Japan, Erythronium japonicum is called katakuri, and the bulb is processed to produce starch, which is used for food and other purposes.


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Wikipedia

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