Engels
| Friedrich Engels | |
|---|---|
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Engels in 1879
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| Born | 28 November 1820 Barmen, Kingdom of Prussia, German Confederation (now Wuppertal, Germany) |
| Died | 5 August 1895 (aged 74) London, England, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (now United Kingdom) |
| Nationality | German |
| Education |
Gymnasium zu Elberfeld (withdrew) |
| Alma mater |
University of Berlin (no degree) |
| Notable work | The Condition of the Working Class in England, Anti-Dühring, Socialism: Utopian and Scientific, The German Ideology |
| Era | 19th-century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School |
Marxism Dialectical materialism Historical materialism |
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Main interests
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Political philosophy, economics, class struggle, criticism of capitalism |
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Notable ideas
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Alienation and exploitation of the worker, historical materialism |
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Influenced
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| Signature | |
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Friedrich Engels (English /ˈɛŋɡəlz/ or /ˈɛŋəlz/;German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈɛŋəls]; 28 November 1820 – 5 August 1895) was a German philosopher, social scientist, journalist, and businessman. He founded Marxist theory together with Karl Marx. In 1845, he published The Condition of the Working Class in England, based on personal observations and research in Manchester.
In 1848, he co-authored The Communist Manifesto with Marx, though he also authored and co-authored (primarily with Marx) many other works, and later he supported Marx financially to do research and write Das Kapital. After Marx's death, Engels edited the second and third volumes. Additionally, Engels organised Marx's notes on the Theories of Surplus Value, which he later published as the "fourth volume" of Capital. He also made contributions to family economics.
Friedrich Engels was born on 28 November 1820 in Barmen, Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg, Prussia (now Wuppertal, Germany). Barmen was an expanding industrial metropolis, and Friedrich was the eldest son of a wealthy German cotton textile manufacturer. His father, Friedrich, Sr., was a Pietistic Protestant, and Engels was raised accordingly. As he grew up, however, he developed atheistic beliefs and his relationship with his parents became strained. His mother wrote to him of her concerns: She said that he had "really gone too far" and "begged" him "to proceed no further". She continued:
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