Energy in Turkey

Energy in Turkey describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Turkey. Energy policy of Turkey describes the energy policy in the politics of Turkey more in detail. Turkey imports most of its energy. Primary energy use in Turkey was 1,146 TWh and 16 TWh/million persons in 2008.

Turkey is strategically positioned between two continents with 65 percent of the energy resources in the east of the country, while 65 percent of the demand is in the west.

2012R = CO2 calculation criteria changed, numbers updated

Turkey produces a lot of lignite. "Lignite power stations churn out large amounts of carbon dioxide, with a comparably low level of efficiency." New coal fired power stations are being built despite the environmental impact of the coal industry.

Currently most gas comes from Russia via the Blue Stream pipeline because Iranian gas, which comes through the Tabriz–Ankara pipeline, is more expensive (as of 1st quarter 2014). Azerbaijan supplies Turkey through the South Caucasus Pipeline and may supply more in future through the Trans-Anatolian gas pipeline, currently under construction. Iraq may also supply gas in future, through the Southern Gas Corridor.

In 2012, Turkey paid Azerbaijan $330 for every thousand cubic meters of gas imported and $400 to Russia for the same quantity. Iran, however, sold its gas to Turkey at $505 per thousand cubic meters.

Also some gas is imported as LNG.

At the moment only a small proportion of gas imports are re-exported to the EU. However, if a lower price can be agreed with Iran and sanctions are removed permanently, Turkey would like to buy more from them and re-export more, via the proposed Iran-Turkey-Europe (ITE) pipeline.

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Wikipedia