Empress Feng (Later Jin)

Empress Feng (馮皇后, personal name unknown) was the empress and second wife of Shi Chonggui, the second and final emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Jin. She was previously the wife of his adoptive brother (biological uncle) Shi Chongyin (石重胤).

It is not known when the future Empress Feng was born. Her family was from Ding Prefecture (定州, in modern Baoding, Hebei), but it is (based on her father's career) unclear whether she was born there. Her father Feng Meng (馮濛) was the liaison officer for Yiwu Circuit (義武, headquartered at Ding) to the Later Tang court early during the reign of the second Later Tang emperor Li Siyuan. Feng Meng was described to be intelligent but wicked, and he gained the favor of Li Siyuan's powerful chief of staff An Chonghui, and was eventually promoted to be the deputy defender of Yedu (鄴都, in modern Handan, Hebei). When Li Siyuan's son-in-law Shi Jingtang later became the defender of Yedu in 928, he became friendly with Feng Meng, and decided to take Feng Meng's daughter as the wife for his younger brother Shi Chongyin, whom he had adopted as a son. Shi Chongyin died early, however, and Lady Feng became widowed. (Two of Shi Jingtang's sons were executed by Later Tang's final emperor Li Congke (Li Siyuan's adoptive son) when Shi Jingtang rebelled against Li Congke in 936, but the historical sources are in discord as to the identities of those two sons. The Old History of the Five Dynasties and the New History of the Five Dynasties gave their identities as Shi Chongyin and Shi Chongying (石重英), thus indicating that was when Shi Chongyin was killed, widowing Lady Feng; the Zizhi Tongjian gave their identities as Shi Chongyin (石重殷, note different character) and Shi Chongyi (石重裔), which, if accurate, makes it unclear when Lady Feng was widowed.) Regardless, after Shi Jingtang subsequently (with aid from Later Tang's norther neighbor Khitan Empire's Emperor Taizong) destroyed Later Tang and took over its territory as the emperor of a new state of Later Jin, Shi Chongyin was posthumously created the Prince of Shan, and Lady Feng received the title of Lady of Wu.

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