Electricity in India
| Data | |
|---|---|
| Electricity coverage | 81% (2013) |
| Installed capacity (30 April 2017) | 329.20 GW |
| Share of fossil energy | 67.1% |
| Share of renewable energy | 30.8% |
| GHG emissions from electricity generation (2014) | 2019.67 MtCO2 |
| Average electricity use (2015-16) | 1,074.65 kWh per capita |
| Transmission & Distribution losses (2014-15) | 22.77% |
| Residential consumption (% of total, 2015-16) |
22.97% |
| Industrial consumption (% of total, 2015-16) |
44.20% |
| Agriculture consumption (% of total, 2015-16) |
18.17% |
| Commercial consumption (% of total, 2015-16) |
8.05% |
| Traction consumption (% of total, 2015-16) |
1.63% |
| Services | |
| Share of private sector in generation | 44% (April 2017) |
| Institutions | |
| Responsibility for policy-setting | Ministry of Power |
| Responsibility for renewable energy | Ministry of New and Renewable Energy |
| Responsibility for the environment | Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change |
| Electricity sector law | Electricity Act, 2003 |
The utility electricity sector in India has one National Grid with an installed capacity of 329.20 GW (as of 30 April 2017). Renewable power plants constituted 30.8% of total installed capacity. During the fiscal year 2015-16, the gross electricity generated by utilities in India was 1,116.84 TWh and the total electricity generation (utilities and non utilities) in the country was 1,352 TWh or 1,075.64 kWh per capita. India is the world's third largest producer and fourth largest consumer of electricity.Electric energy consumption in agriculture was recorded highest (17.89%) in 2015-16 among all countries. The per capita electricity consumption is low compared to many countries despite cheaper electricity tariff in India.
In order to address the lack of adequate electricity availability to all the people in the country by March 2019, the Government of India launched a scheme called "Power for All". This scheme will ensure continuous and uninterrupted electricity supply to all households, industries and commercial establishments by creating and improving necessary infrastructure. Its a joint collaboration of GoI with states to share funding and create overall economic growth.
Draft National Electricity Plan, 2016 prepared by GoI states that India does not need additional non-renewable power plants till 2027 with the commissioning of 50,025 MW coal based power plants under construction and additional 100,000 MW renewable power capacity.
The first demonstration of an electric light in Calcutta (now Kolkata) was conducted on 24 July 1879 by P.W. Fleury & Co. On 7 January 1897, Kilburn & Co secured the Calcutta electric lighting licence as agents of the Indian Electric Co, which was registered in London on 15 January 1897. A month later, the company was renamed the Calcutta Electric Supply Corporation. The control of the company was transferred from London to Calcutta only in 1970. Enthused by the success of electricity in Calcutta, power was thereafter introduced in Bombay (now Mumbai). Mumbai saw electric lighting demonstration for the first time in 1882 at Crawford Market and the Bombay Electric Supply & Tramways Company (BEST) set up a generating station in 1905 to provide electricity for the tramway.
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