Edmund H. Wuerpel

Edmund H. Wuerpel (May 13, 1866- February, 1958) was an American Tonalist painter and an important art educator who was head of the Washington University School of Fine Arts for many years. He was also a friend of James Allen McNeil Whistler who helped spread the influence of the "Tonal School" in the Midwest. Wuerpel also played an important role in the development of Orthodontics, collaborating with the "first great teacher of orthodontia" Edward Angle and lecturing in the Midwest and western United States on aesthetics and Orthodontics.

Edmund Wuerpel was born in St. Louis to a German father and Austrian mother in comfortable circumstances, his family decided to move to Mexico when he was a child and the family moved south in a covered wagon He was a frail child and was plagued with eye problems as a child and these difficulties continued for the rest of his life. His father worked in mining and railroads and he did a "man's work" in these industries as a boy. Because the family moved and a conventional education was not possible, Wuerpel was home schooled by his mother. He learned to speak German and English and Spanish from people around him in Mexico. In 1879, when he was 13, his family sent him back to family members in St. Louis to further his education. He was an outstanding student and graduated from the Manual Training School and was awarded the Selew Medal for the highest four year average. He was unable to see for the last year of his career in high school. After his high school graduation, he entered the School of Engineering at Washington University in St. Louis. He was struck down by illness in 1887 and traveled to Australia to recover.

About the turn of the twentieth century, Wuerpel became friends with the early Orthodontics pioneer Edward Angle. At that time Angle was struggling to develop aesthetic criteria for dental orthodontics. He sought out models to give his students when they were working on creating a better bite and smile for their patients. With his artistic ability, knowledge of anatomy and taste Wuerpel was instrumental in developing aesthetics for dentists and he lectured at the Angle School in St. Louis, New York as well as New London, Connecticut and Pasadena, California. With Angle he developed the Angle-Wuerpel orthodontic table. He was an Honorary Member of the Angle Society for dentists.

Because he had an interest in art, Wuerpel entered the Washington University School of Fine Arts upon his return to St. Louis in 1887. In order to further his training, he left for Paris, which was then the most popular training grounds for American art students. He studied at the private Académie Julian and the Ecole des Beaux Arts, the official state sponsored art school, where the tuition was free if you passed the "concours" for admission. Wuerpel studied with Jean Aman-Jean, Jean-Léon Gérôme and Tony Robert Fleury. In Paris he became close friends wirth James Abbott McNeill Whistler, the expatriate American painter and eccentric raconteur. Whistler wrote to his sister Beatrice of him:

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