Edmund Beecher Wilson
| Edmund Beecher Wilson | |
|---|---|
Edmund Beecher Wilson
|
|
| Born |
October 19, 1856 Geneva, Illinois |
| Died | March 3, 1939 (aged 82) New York City |
| Fields |
Zoology Genetics |
| Institutions |
Williams College MIT Bryn Mawr College Columbia University |
| Alma mater |
Yale University Johns Hopkins University |
| Known for | XY sex-determination system |
| Influenced | Nettie Stevens |
| Notable awards |
Daniel Giraud Elliot Medal (1925) Linnean Medal (1928) John J. Carty Award (1936) Fellow of the Royal Society |
Edmund Beecher Wilson (19 October 1856 – 3 March 1939) was a pioneering American zoologist and geneticist. He wrote one of the most famous textbooks in the history of modern biology, The Cell. He and Nettie Maria Stevens were the first researchers to describe the chromosomal basis of sex, but they conducted their research independently of each other.
Wilson was born in Geneva, Illinois, and graduated from Yale University in 1878. He earned his Ph.D. at Johns Hopkins in 1881.
He was a lecturer at Williams College in 1883–84 and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1884–85. He served as professor of biology at Bryn Mawr College from 1885 to 1891.
He spent the balance of his career at Columbia University where he was successively adjunct professor of biology (1891–94), professor of invertebrate zoology (1894–1897), and professor of zoology (from 1897).
Wilson is credited as America's first cell biologist. In 1898 he used the similarity in embryos to describe phylogenetic relationships. By observing spiral cleavage in molluscs, flatworms and annelids he concluded that the same organs came from the same group of cells and concluded that all these organisms must have a common ancestor. He was elected a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1902.
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