Ecotage

Ecotage (a portmanteau of the "eco-" prefix and "sabotage") is direct action by extreme environmentalist groups (such as Earth First!) in the Western world.

All damage figures below are in United States dollars. Some well-known acts of ecotage have included:

Ecotage was popularized in 1975 by Edward Abbey's book The Monkey Wrench Gang. It has also been treated in novels by T. Coraghessan Boyle (A Friend of the Earth), Carl Hiaasen (Tourist Season, Sick Puppy, Hoot), Neal Stephenson (Zodiac: The Eco-Thriller), and Richard Melo (Jokerman 8), and movies such as Choke Canyon (1986) and On Deadly Ground (1994).

Ecotage! is also the title of a 1972 humor book by Sam Love, which is the likely origin of the word.

Ecotage is mentioned in Mars trilogy of science fiction novels by Kim Stanley Robinson as a means of protest shown by the Red political party. Typically the "Reds" would destroy terraforming ventures in an effort to slow the terraforming of Mars.

The Concrete mini series Think Like a Mountain is centred about ecotage aimed to protect first growth forests in the Pacific Northwest.

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