E160d
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IUPAC name
(6E,8E,10E,12E,14E,16E,18E,20E,22E,24E,26E)- 2,6,10,14,19,23,27,31-Octamethyldotriaconta-2,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20,22,24,26,30-tridecaene
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| Other names
ψ,ψ-Carotene
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| Identifiers | |
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3D model (Jmol)
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| ChEBI | |
| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.007.227 |
| EC Number | 207-949-1 |
| E number | E160d (colours) |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C40H56 | |
| Molar mass | 536.89 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | deep red solid |
| Density | 0.889 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | 172–173 °C (342–343 °F; 445–446 K) |
| Boiling point | 660.9 °C (1,221.6 °F; 934.0 K) at 760 mmHg |
| insoluble | |
| Solubility | soluble in CS2, CHCl3, THF, ether, C6H14, vegetable oil insoluble in CH3OH, C2H5OH |
| Solubility in hexane | 1 g/L (14 °C) |
| Vapor pressure | 1.33·10−16 mmHg (25 °C) |
| Hazards | |
| Main hazards | Combustible |
| Safety data sheet | See: data page |
| NFPA 704 | |
| Flash point | 350.7 °C (663.3 °F; 623.8 K) |
| Supplementary data page | |
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Refractive index (n), Dielectric constant (εr), etc. |
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Thermodynamic
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Phase behaviour solid–liquid–gas |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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 (what is   ?) |
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| Infobox references | |
Lycopene from the neo-Latin lycopersicum, the tomato species, is a bright red carotene and carotenoid pigment and found in tomatoes and other red fruits and vegetables, such as red carrots, watermelons, gac, and papayas, although not in strawberries, or cherries. Although lycopene is chemically a carotene, it has no vitamin A activity. Foods that are not red may also contain lycopene, such as asparagus and parsley.
In plants, algae, and other photosynthetic organisms, lycopene is an important intermediate in the biosynthesis of many carotenoids, including beta carotene, which is responsible for yellow, orange, or red pigmentation, photosynthesis, and photo-protection. Like all carotenoids, lycopene is a polyunsaturated hydrocarbon, i.e. an unsubstituted alkene. Structurally, lycopene is a tetraterpene and assembled from eight isoprene units that are composed entirely of carbon and hydrogen. It is insoluble in water. Lycopene's eleven conjugated double bonds give its deep red color and its antioxidant activity. Owing to the strong color, lycopene is a useful food coloring (registered as E160d) and is approved for usage in the USA, Australia and New Zealand (registered as 160d) and the EU.
Lycopene is not an essential nutrient for humans, but is commonly found in the diet mainly from dishes prepared from tomatoes. When absorbed from the intestine, lycopene is transported in the blood by various lipoproteins and accumulates primarily in the blood, adipose tissue, skin, liver, and adrenal glands, but can be found in most tissues.
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Wikipedia