Dunduzu Chisiza

Dunduzu Kaluli Chisiza (also known as Gladstone Chisiza) was a nationalist and early agitator for independence in Nyasaland (Malawi).

He was born in Florence Bay (now Chiweta or Chitimba) in the Karonga district of Nyasaland (now Malawi) on 8 August 1930, the youngest and eleventh child of Kaluli Chisiza, a group village headman and farmer. He, like his older brother Yatuta Chisiza, was educated at Uliwa Junior Primary School and later, to the rough equivalent of sixth grade level, as a boarder at Livingstonia. He left school in 1949, having failed the Nyasaland Standard VI examination.

He worked as a clerk in the records office of the Tanganyika (now Tanzania) police in 1949 and later for four years continued his education at Aggrey Memorial College in Uganda, where he joined and became secretary of the Nyasaland Students' Association centred at Makerere College, supporting himself with odd jobs. At this time he became an adherent of the Bahá'í Faith. In 1955-6, after a stay in the Belgian Congo in 1952-3 and another period in Uganda, and armed with his Cambridge Overseas School Certificate from Aggrey, he returned briefly to Nyasaland before going to work as a clerk interpreter and translator in the Indian High Commission in Salisbury (now Harare), Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe).

In Salisbury, Chisiza joined the Mashonaland branch of the Nyasaland African Congress and was instrumental in forming the Southern Rhodesia African National Congress Youth League. Together with George Nyandoro and Edson Sithole, he formed the City Youth League (CYL), whose first major accomplishment was the 1956 Salisbury Bus Boycott. In August 1956, presumably because this was regarded as a seditious organisation, he was declared a prohibited immigrant and deported back to Nyasaland where he worked in a family butchery business and actively continued political activities opposing the Federation with Rhodesia. In 1957, he participated actively on behalf of the Nyasaland African Congress in constitutional discussions with the colonial administration.

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