Duke Jing of Jin (Ju)
| Ju (據) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Duke Jing of Jin | |||||
| Ruler of Jin | |||||
| Reign | 599–581 BC | ||||
| Predecessor | Duke Cheng of Jin | ||||
| Successor | Duke Li of Jin | ||||
| Died | 581 BC | ||||
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| Father | Duke Cheng of Jin | ||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
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Ancestral name: Ji (姬) Given name: Ju (據) |
Duke Jing of Jin (simplified Chinese: 晋景公; traditional Chinese: 晉景公; pinyin: Jìn Jǐng Gōng, died 581 BC) was from 599 to 581 BC the ruler of the State of Jin, a major power during the Spring and Autumn period of ancient China. His ancestral name was Ji, given name Ju, and Duke Jing was his posthumous title. He succeeded his father Duke Cheng of Jin, who died in 600 BC.
In 597 BC, the third year of Duke Jing's rule, King Zhuang of Chu attacked the State of Zheng, then a Jin ally. Duke Jing dispatched an army led by Xun Linfu (荀林父), Sui Hui (隨會), and Zhao Shuo (趙朔) to help Zheng. By the time the Jin army arrived, however, Zheng had already surrendered to Chu. Xun Linfu wanted to return to Jin, but general Xian Hu (先縠) persuaded him to attack Chu. The Jin army was then decisively defeated at the Battle of Bi by the Chu and Zheng forces. After the battle King Zhuang of Chu was recognized as the Hegemon of China. Although Jin was weakened by the defeat, it was still one of the strongest states of China. Just two years later Jin attacked Zheng in retaliation for helping Chu in the Battle of Bi.
Xian Hu, who was partly responsible for Jin's defeat at the Battle of Bi, escaped to the Red Di tribes for fear of punishment. In 596 BC, the Red Di people took advantage of Jin's recent defeat and attacked Jin with Xian Hu's help. Jin killed Xian Hu and his entire clan.
Duke Jing's elder sister Bo Ji was the wife of Ying'er (嬰兒), the ruler of Lushi (潞氏), a major Red Di state. In 594 BC Bo Ji was killed by the Lushi minister Feng Shu. In retaliation, general Xun Linfu attacked Lushi, conquering the state and capturing its ruler Ying'er. Feng Shu fled to the State of Wey but was returned to Jin and killed. The following year, Jin conquered several more Red Di states or tribes.
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