Dukan Dam
| Dukan (Dokan) Dam | |
|---|---|
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 Location of Dukan (Dokan) Dam in Iraq
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| Location | As Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraq |
| Coordinates | 35°57′15″N 44°57′10″E / 35.95417°N 44.95278°ECoordinates: 35°57′15″N 44°57′10″E / 35.95417°N 44.95278°E |
| Status | Operational |
| Construction began | 1954 |
| Opening date | 1959 |
| Operator(s) | Ministry of Water Resources, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers |
| Dam and spillways | |
| Type of dam | Cylindrical arch |
| Impounds | Little Zab |
| Height | 116.5 m (382 ft) |
| Length | 360 m (1,180 ft) |
| Elevation at crest | 516 m (1,693 ft) |
| Width (crest) | 6.2 m (20 ft) |
| Width (base) | 34.3 m (113 ft) |
| Dam volume | 370,000 m3 (480,000 cu yd) |
| Spillways | 2 |
| Spillway type | Service: Tunnel Emergency: Bell-mouth |
| Spillway capacity | Service: 2,450 m3/s (86,521 cu ft/s) Emergency: 1,860 m3/s (65,685 cu ft/s) |
| Reservoir | |
| Creates | Lake Dukan |
| Total capacity | 6,970,000,000 m3 (5,650,671 acre·ft) |
| Active capacity | 6,100,000,000 m3 (4,945,350 acre·ft) |
| Inactive capacity | 790,000,000 m3 (640,463 acre·ft) |
| Catchment area | 11,690 km2 (4,514 sq mi) |
| Surface area | 270 km2 (104 sq mi) |
| Normal elevation | 511 m (1,677 ft) |
| Power station | |
| Commission date | 1979 |
| Hydraulic head | 95 m (312 ft) (rated) |
| Turbines | 5 x 80 MW Francis-type |
| Installed capacity | 400 MW |
The Dukan Dam (Central Kurdish: بەنداوی دووکان) is a multi-purpose concrete arch dam in As Sulaymaniyah Governorate, Iraqi Kurdistan. It impounds the Little Zab, thereby creating Lake Dukan. The Dukan Dam was built between 1954 and 1959 whereas its power station became fully operational in 1979. The dam is 360 metres (1,180 ft) long and 116.5 metres (382 ft) high and its hydroelectric power station has a maximum capacity of 400 MW.
The Dukan Dam was built between 1954 and 1959 as a multi-purpose dam to provide water storage, irrigation and hydroelectricity. The design for the dam was carried out by the British engineering company Binnie & Partners (with Partner and third generation Binnie engineer Geoffrey Binnie the key engineer). Prior to the flooding of Lake Dukan, the area has been subjected to archaeological research to investigate as many archaeological sites as possible. An archaeological survey in the Ranya Plain documented some 40 archaeological sites with evidence for occupation ranging from the sixth millennium BCE up to the present. Five of these sites were then excavated: Tell Bazmusian, ed-Dem, Kamarian, Qarashina and Tell Shemshara. The excavations at Tell Bazmusian revealed a temple dating to the second millennium BCE. At Tell Shemshara, an early-sixth millennium BCE village was excavated, as well as an early-second millennium BCE palace with a small archive of clay tablets. The inhabitants of some 50 villages in the flooded area, around 1,000–1,200 families, were resettled to the west of the lake. The power station was designed in 1973 by the Russian company Hydroproject and became operational in 1979. Due to lack of maintenance and repairs, the power station has underperformed and is now, after 30 years of service, due for replacement. In 2007, the World Bank began a US$40 million project to repair the Dokan and Darbandikhan Dams. Repairs to the Dokan Dam are expected to cost over $8 million and be complete in late 2012.
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