Dorothy Garrod
| Dorothy Annie Elizabeth Garrod | |
|---|---|
Dorothy Garrod, c. 1913, while at Newnham College, Cambridge
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| Born |
5 May 1892 Oxford |
| Died | 18 December 1968 (aged 76) |
| Nationality | British |
| Fields | archaeology |
Dorothy Annie Elizabeth Garrod, CBE, FBA (5 May 1892 – 18 December 1968) was a British archaeologist who was the first woman to hold an Oxbridge chair, partly through her pioneering work on the Palaeolithic period; she served as Disney Professor of Archaeology from 1938 to 1952.
Garrod was the daughter of the physician Sir Archibald Garrod and was raised at her family home in Melton, Suffolk by a number of governesses. In 1913, she entered Newnham College, Cambridge where she was one of very few women students. Garrod left Newnham with a second class degree and undertook war work until she was demobilised in 1919. By this time she had lost three brothers. She then went to Malta where her father was working and to occupy herself she took an interest in the local antiquities.
When her father was appointed Regius Professor of Medicine at Oxford, Garrod decided to read for a Diploma in Anthropology at the Pitt Rivers Museum, University of Oxford, where she was taught by Robert Ranulph Marett. It was Marett who inspired Garrod to be a prehistorian and she was then able to spend two years with the leading French prehistorian Abbé Breuil. Breuil had already visited Gibraltar and he recommended that Garrod investigate Devil's Tower Cave which was only 350 metres from Forbes' Quarry where a Neanderthal skull had been found previously. Devil's Tower Cave had been discovered by Breuil on an earlier visit to Gibraltar with William Willoughby Cole Verner. Garrod discovered the important Neanderthal skull now called Gibraltar 2 in this cave the early 1920s.
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