Dipyridamole
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Persantine, Curantyl |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a682830 |
| Pregnancy category |
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| Routes of administration |
By mouth, IV |
| ATC code | |
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| Legal status | |
| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 37–66% |
| Protein binding | ~99% |
| Metabolism | Liver (glucuronidation) |
| Biological half-life | α phase: 40 min, β phase: 10 hours |
| Excretion | Biliary (95%), urine (negligible) |
| Identifiers | |
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| CAS Number | |
| PubChem CID | |
| IUPHAR/BPS | |
| DrugBank | |
| ChemSpider | |
| UNII | |
| KEGG | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.000.340 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C24H40N8O4 |
| Molar mass | 504.626 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
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| Dipyridamole overdose | |
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| Classification and external resources | |
| Specialty | emergency medicine |
| ICD-10 | T46.3 |
| ICD-9-CM | 972.4 |
| DiseasesDB | 3840 |
Dipyridamole (trademarked as Persantine and Curantyl) is a medication that inhibits blood clot formation when given chronically and causes blood vessel dilation when given at high doses over a short time.
A combination of dipyridamole and aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid/dipyridamole) is FDA-approved for the secondary prevention of stroke and has a bleeding risk equal to that of aspirin use alone. Dipyridamole absorption is pH-dependent and concomitant treatment with gastric acid suppressors (such as a proton pump inhibitor) will inhibit the absorption of liquid and plain tablets. Modified release preparations are buffered and absorption is not affected.
However, it is not licensed as monotherapy for stroke prophylaxis, although a Cochrane Review suggested that dipyridamole may reduce the risk of further vascular events in patients presenting after cerebral ischemia.
A triple therapy of aspirin, clopidogrel, and dipyridamole has been investigated, but this combination led to an increase in adverse bleeding events.
Dipyridamole also has non-medicinal uses in a laboratory context, such as the inhibition of cardiovirus growth in cell culture.
Dipyridamole overdose can be treated with aminophylline which reverses its dilating effect on the blood vessels. Symptomatic treatment is recommended, possibly including a vasopressor drug. Gastric lavage should be considered. Administration of xanthine derivatives (e.g., aminophylline) may reverse the hemodynamic effects of dipyridamole overdose. Since dipyridamole is highly protein bound, dialysis is not likely to be of benefit.
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Wikipedia