Didanosine
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| Clinical data | |
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| Trade names | Videx |
| AHFS/Drugs.com | Monograph |
| MedlinePlus | a691006 |
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| Routes of administration |
By mouth |
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| Pharmacokinetic data | |
| Bioavailability | 30 to 54% |
| Protein binding | Less than 5% |
| Biological half-life | 1.5 hours |
| Excretion | Kidney |
| Identifiers | |
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| Synonyms | 2′,3′-dideoxyinosine |
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| DrugBank | |
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| NIAID ChemDB | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.129.182 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C10H12N4O3 |
| Molar mass | 236.227 g/mol |
| 3D model (Jmol) | |
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Didanosine (ddI, DDI), marketed under the trade names Videx, is an medication used to treat HIV/AIDS. It is used in combination with other medications as part of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). It is of the reverse transcriptase inhibitor class.
Didanosine was first described in 1975 and approved for use in the United States in 1991. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, a list of the most important medication needed in a basic health system.
The most common adverse events with didanosine are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, headache and rash. Peripheral neuropathy occurred in 21-26% of participants in key didanosine trials.
Pancreatitis is rarely observed but has caused occasional fatalities, and has black box warning status. Other reported serious adverse events are retinal changes, optic neuritis and alterations of liver functions. The risk of some of these serious adverse events is increased by drinking alcohol.
In February 2010, the United States Food and Drug Administration issued a statement that patients using Didanosine (Videx) are at risk for a rare but potentially fatal liver disorder, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension.
Drug resistance to didanosine does develop, though slower than to zidovudine (AZT). The most common mutation observed in vivo is L74V in the viral pol gene, which confers cross-resistance to zalcitabine; other mutations observed include K65R and M184V .
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