Desulfobacter hydrogenophilus
| Desulfobacter hydrogenophilus | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
| Class: | Deltaproteobacteria |
| Order: | Desulfobacterales |
| Family: | Desulfobacteraceae |
| Genus: | Desulfobacter |
| Species: | D. hydrogenophilus |
| Binomial name | |
|
Desulfobacter hydrogenophilus Widdell, 1987 |
|
Desulfobacter hydrogenophilus is a strictly anaerobic sulfate-reducing bacterium. It was isolated and characterized in 1987 by Friedrich Widdel of the University of Konstanz (Germany). Like most sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), D. hydrogenophilus is capable of completely oxidizing organic compounds (specifically acetate, pyruvate and ethanol) to CO2, and therefore plays a key role in biomineralization in marine environments. However, unlike many SRB, D. hydrogenophilus is a facultative lithoautotroph, and can grow using H2 as an electron donor and CO2 as a carbon source.D. hydrogenophilus is also unique because it is psychrophilic (and has been shown to grow at temperatures as low as 0 °C or 32 °F). It is also diazotrophic, or capable of fixing nitrogen.
Cells are elongated-oval shaped, and 1–1.3 by 2–3 μm in size. They are non-motile, gram-negative, and non-sporulating.
D. hydrogenophilus is the only described species of Desulfobacter that can grow chemolithoautotrophically. Using H2 as an electron donor and CO2 as a carbon source, D. hydrogenophilus reduces sulfate, SO42− (and also sulfite, SO32−, and thiosulfate, S2O32−) to sulfide, S2−. However, D. hydrogenophilus is a facultative lithoautotroph, and may also use acetate, pyruvate, or ethanol as both an electron donor and carbon source. A modified tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle is employed for acetate metabolism and autotrophic growth. When D. hydrogenophilus is grown with either H2 or acetate, doubling time is less than 30 hours, but when grown with pyruvate or ethanol, doubling time is over 30 hours. The shortest doubling time observed on acetate was 18 hours.
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