Demographics of The Gambia

Scatter plot of the population of The Gambia (in thousands) from 1963–2013
Population	1,882,450 (2013)
Density	176.1/sq km (2013)
Growth rate	38.3%
Birth rate	32.6 births/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Death rate	7.3 deaths/1,000 population (2013 est.)
Life expectancy	64.1 (2013 est.)
• male	61.8 (2013 est.)
• female	66.5 (2013 est.)
Fertility rate	4.0 children born/woman (2013 est.)
Infant mortality rate	67.6 deaths/1,000 live births (2013 est.)
0–14 years	39.2% (2013 est.)
15–64 years	57.6% (2013 est.)
65 and over	3.2% (2013 est.)
Total	0.98 (2013)
At birth	1.03 (2013 est.)
Under 15	1.01 (2013 est.)
15–64 years	0.96 (2013 est.)
65 and over	0.90 (2013 est.)
Nationality	Noun: Gambian
Major ethnic	African (99%) (2003)
Minor ethnic	Non-African (1%) (2003)
Official	English
Spoken	Mandinka, Wolof, Fula

The demographics characteristics of the population of The Gambia are known through national censuses, conducted in ten-year intervals and analyzed by The Gambian Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) since 1963. The latest census was conducted in 2013. The population of The Gambia at the 2013 census was 1.8 million. The population density is 176.1 per square kilometer, and the overall life expectancy in The Gambia is 64.1 years. Since the first census of 1963, the population of The Gambia has increased every ten years by an average of 43.2 percent. Since 1950s, the birth rate has constantly exceeded the death rate; the natural growth rate is positive. The Gambia is in the second stage of demographic transition. In terms of age structure, The Gambia is dominated by 15- to 64-year-old segment (57.6%). The median age of the population is 19.9 years, and the gender ratio of the total population is 0.98 males per female.

With a population of 1.88 million in 2013, The Gambia ranks 149th in the world by population. Its population density is 176.1 inhabitants per square kilometer (456.1 inhabitants per square mile). The overall life expectancy in The Gambia is 64.1 years. The total fertility rate of 3.98 is one of the highest in the world. Since 1950, the United Nations (UN) estimated the birth rate exceeds the death rate. The Gambia Bureau of Statistics (GBOS) estimates the population of The Gambia is expected to reach 3.6 million in 20 years. The population of The Gambia has increased each census, starting with 315 thousand in 1963 to 1.8 million in 2013. The GBOS predicted the reason for the increase from 2003 to 2013 was more coverage in the latter census compared to the former's.

Registration of vital events is in the Gambia not complete. The Population Department of the United Nations prepared the following estimates.