Deiokes

Deioces
Deioces the Median Shah
Reign	727-675 B.C.
Coronation	727 B.C.
Successor	Phraortes
Died	675 B.C.
House	Median

Deioces or Dia-oku was the founder and the first shah of the Median government. His name has been mentioned in different forms in various sources; including Herodotus, who has written his name as Dēiokēs. Deioces' name is derived from the Iranian word Dahyu-ka-, meaning "the land".

The exact date of the era of Deioces' rule is not clear and probably covered most of the first half of the seventh century B.C. According to Herodotus, Deioces governed for 53 years.

Based on Herodotus's writings, Deioces was the first Median king to have gained independence from the Assyrians. He contemplated the project and plan of forming a single Median government; and in an anarchistic era in the Medes, he tried to enforce justice in his own village and earn a credibility and fame as a neutral judge. Thus, the territory of his activity was expanded and the peoples of other villages also resorted to him until he eventually announced that this place has been troublesome for him and he is not willing to continue working. Following this resignation, theft and chaos increased and the Medians gathered and chose him as the king this time.

Deioces' first action after coronation was to appoint guards for himself and also constructing a capital. The city Deioces chose for it was called Hagmatāna in Old Persian and Ecbatana in Greek language, believed to be Hamadan today. Ecbatana means "the gathering place" or "a city for everyone" and indicates the gathering of the Median clans, which were disunited previously. In the late eighth century B.C, he had a fortified castle constructed on a hill in the city to run all military, government and treasury affairs within.

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