DNVP
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German National People's Party
Deutschnationale Volkspartei |
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|---|---|
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| Founded | 1918 |
| Dissolved | 1933 |
| Preceded by |
German Conservative Party Free Conservative Party German Fatherland Party National Liberal Party (partly) |
| Succeeded by | Single-party-system of NSDAP (1933–1945) |
| Newspaper | NA; supported by Alfred Hugenberg's media group |
| Youth wing | Bismarckjugend |
| Paramilitary wing | Stahlhelm, Bund der Frontsoldaten |
| Ideology |
Conservatism (historical) National conservatism German nationalism Populism Monarchism Agrarianism Antisemitism |
| Political position | Right-wing to Far-right |
| International affiliation | None |
| Colors | Black, white, red (imperial colors) |
| Party flag | |
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The German National People's Party (German: Deutschnationale Volkspartei, DNVP) was a national conservative party in Germany during the time of the Weimar Republic. Before the rise of the National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP) it was the major conservative and nationalist party in Weimar Germany. It was an alliance of nationalists, reactionary monarchists, völkisch, and antisemitic elements, and supported by the Pan-German League.
It was formed in late 1918 after Germany's defeat in the First World War and the November Revolution that toppled the German monarchy. It combined remnants of the German Conservative Party, Free Conservative Party, German Fatherland Party and right-wing elements of the National Liberal Party. The party strongly rejected the republican Weimar Constitution of 1919 and the Treaty of Versailles which it viewed as a national disgrace, signed by traitors. Instead it aimed at a restoration of monarchy, a repeal of the dictated peace treaty and reacquisition of all lost territories and colonies.
During the mid-1920s, the DNVP moderated its profile, accepting republican institutions in practice (while still calling for a return to monarchy in its manifesto) and participating in centre-right coalition governments on federal and state levels. It broadened its voting base—winning as many as 20.5% in the December 1924 election—and supported the election of Paul von Hindenburg as President of Germany (Reichspräsident) in 1925. Under the leadership of the populist media entrepreneur Alfred Hugenberg from 1928, the party re-radicalised its nationalist and anti-republican rhetoric and changed its strategy to mass mobilisation, plebiscites, and support of authoritarian rule by the president instead of work by parliamentary means. At the same time it lost many votes to Adolf Hitler's rising Nazi Party.
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